项目介绍

• 整体的目录如下所示：
  
  讯享网
• 上述的项目结构中出了model是必须的外，其他的都可以根据训练的代码参数传入进行调整，有些不需要一定存在
• data
  • train.pkl:对原始训练语料进行tokenize之后的文件,存储一个list对象，list的每条数据表示一个多轮对话，表示一条训练数据
• model:存放对话生成的模型
  - config.json:模型参数的配置文件
  - pytorch_model.bin:模型文件
• vocab
  • vocab.txt:字典文件。默认的字典大小为13317，若需要使用自定义字典，需要将confog.json文件中的vocab_size字段设为相应的大小。
• sample:存放人机闲聊生成的历史聊天记录
• train.py:训练代码
• interact.py:人机交互代码
• preprocess.py:数据预处理代码

项目的整体运行流程

• 第一步：数据模块， 根据后面的数据集地址介绍进行数据集的下载，里面有各个地方的数据集来源以及数据合并的代码
• 第二步：将得到的数据通过preprocess.py文件进行训练数据处理，得到train.pkl文件，得到后再整个项目目录下创建data文件夹，并将得到的train.pkl文件移动到data文件夹下面
• 第三步：去huggingface网站上面下载gpt2预训练模型下的文件，具体需要下载的文件如下所示：
  
• 第四步：运行train.py文件训练得到再收集的数据集上面的微调模型
• 第五步：通过chatbot.py对模型进行人机交互和推理

数据集地址

• https://github.com/codemayq/chinese-chatbot-corpus， 安装上面的readme运行就可以得到相应的数据集
• 然后再运行上面的preprocess.py就可以得到相关的训练数据集train.pkl

训练代码train.py

 import argparse import math import time import torch import torch.nn.functional as F import torch.optim as optim import logging from datetime import datetime import os from torch.utils.data import Dataset, DataLoader from os.path import join, exists from torch.nn import CrossEntropyLoss from tqdm import tqdm from torch.nn import DataParallel import transformers import pickle import sys from pytorchtools import EarlyStopping from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split from data_parallel import BalancedDataParallel from transformers import GPT2TokenizerFast, GPT2LMHeadModel, GPT2Config from transformers import BertTokenizerFast import pandas as pd import torch.nn.utils.rnn as rnn_utils import numpy as np from dataset import MyDataset def set_args(): parser = argparse.ArgumentParser() parser.add_argument('--device', default='3', type=str, required=False, help='设置使用哪些显卡') parser.add_argument('--no_cuda', action='store_true', help='不使用GPU进行训练') parser.add_argument('--vocab_path', default='vocab/vocab.txt', type=str, required=False, help='词表路径') parser.add_argument('--model_config', default='config/config.json', type=str, required=False, help='设置模型参数') parser.add_argument('--train_path', default='data/train.pkl', type=str, required=False, help='训练集路径') parser.add_argument('--max_len', default=150, type=int, required=False, help='训练时，输入数据的最大长度') parser.add_argument('--log_path', default='data/train.log', type=str, required=False, help='训练日志存放位置') parser.add_argument('--log', default=True, help="是否记录日志") parser.add_argument('--ignore_index', default=-100, type=int, required=False, help='对于ignore_index的label token不计算梯度') # parser.add_argument('--input_len', default=200, type=int, required=False, help='输入的长度') parser.add_argument('--epochs', default=20, type=int, required=False, help='训练的最大轮次') parser.add_argument('--batch_size', default=64, type=int, required=False, help='训练的batch size') parser.add_argument('--gpu0_bsz', default=10, type=int, required=False, help='0号卡的batch size') parser.add_argument('--lr', default=2.6e-5, type=float, required=False, help='学习率') parser.add_argument('--eps', default=1.0e-09, type=float, required=False, help='衰减率') parser.add_argument('--log_step', default=1, type=int, required=False, help='多少步汇报一次loss') parser.add_argument('--gradient_accumulation_steps', default=4, type=int, required=False, help='梯度积累') parser.add_argument('--max_grad_norm', default=2.0, type=float, required=False) parser.add_argument('--save_model_path', default='model_new', type=str, required=False, help='模型输出路径') parser.add_argument('--pretrained_model', default='./pretrained_model', type=str, required=False, help='预训练的模型的路径') # parser.add_argument('--seed', type=int, default=None, help='设置种子用于生成随机数，以使得训练的结果是确定的') parser.add_argument('--num_workers', type=int, default=0, help="dataloader加载数据时使用的线程数量") parser.add_argument('--patience', type=int, default=0, help="用于early stopping,设为0时,不进行early stopping.early stop得到的模型的生成效果不一定会更好。") parser.add_argument('--warmup_steps', type=int, default=4000, help='warm up步数') # parser.add_argument('--label_smoothing', default=True, action='store_true', help='是否进行标签平滑') parser.add_argument('--val_num', type=int, default=8000, help='验证集大小') args = parser.parse_args() return args def create_logger(args): """ 将日志输出到日志文件和控制台 """ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) logger.setLevel(logging.INFO) formatter = logging.Formatter( '%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s') # 创建一个handler，用于写入日志文件 file_handler = logging.FileHandler( filename=args.log_path) file_handler.setFormatter(formatter) file_handler.setLevel(logging.INFO) logger.addHandler(file_handler) # 创建一个handler，用于将日志输出到控制台 console = logging.StreamHandler() console.setLevel(logging.DEBUG) console.setFormatter(formatter) logger.addHandler(console) return logger def collate_fn(batch): input_ids = rnn_utils.pad_sequence(batch, batch_first=True, padding_value=0) labels = rnn_utils.pad_sequence(batch, batch_first=True, padding_value=-100) return input_ids, labels # def padding_batch(data_list, pad_id): # """ # 使用pad_id将data_list的每条数据，填充至data_list中最长的长度 # :param data_list: # :param pad_id: # :return: # """ # # 统计data_list中的最大长度 # max_len = 0 # for data in data_list: # max_len = max_len if max_len > len(data) else len(data) # # # 对数据进行padding # new_data_list = [] # for data in data_list: # new_data = data + [pad_id] * (max_len - len(data)) # new_data_list.append(new_data) # return new_data_list def load_dataset(logger, args): """ 加载训练集和验证集 """ logger.info("loading training dataset and validating dataset") train_path = args.train_path with open(train_path, "rb") as f: input_list = pickle.load(f) # 划分训练集与验证集 val_num = args.val_num input_list_train = input_list[val_num:] input_list_val = input_list[:val_num] # test # input_list_train = input_list_train[:24] # input_list_val = input_list_val[:24] train_dataset = MyDataset(input_list_train, args.max_len) val_dataset = MyDataset(input_list_val, args.max_len) return train_dataset, val_dataset def train_epoch(model, train_dataloader, optimizer, scheduler, logger, epoch, args): model.train() device = args.device # pad_id = args.pad_id # sep_id = args.sep_id ignore_index = args.ignore_index epoch_start_time = datetime.now() total_loss = 0 # 记录下整个epoch的loss的总和 # epoch_correct_num:每个epoch中,output预测正确的word的数量 # epoch_total_num: 每个epoch中,output预测的word的总数量 epoch_correct_num, epoch_total_num = 0, 0 for batch_idx, (input_ids, labels) in enumerate(train_dataloader): # print(f"the input_ids is: {input_ids}, and the labels is : {labels} !!!") # 捕获cuda out of memory exception try: input_ids = input_ids.to(device) labels = labels.to(device) outputs = model.forward(input_ids, labels=labels) logits = outputs.logits loss = outputs.loss loss = loss.mean() # 统计该batch的预测token的正确数与总数 batch_correct_num, batch_total_num = calculate_acc(logits, labels, ignore_index=ignore_index) # 统计该epoch的预测token的正确数与总数 epoch_correct_num += batch_correct_num epoch_total_num += batch_total_num # 计算该batch的accuracy batch_acc = batch_correct_num / batch_total_num total_loss += loss.item() if args.gradient_accumulation_steps > 1: loss = loss / args.gradient_accumulation_steps loss.backward() # 梯度裁剪 torch.nn.utils.clip_grad_norm_(model.parameters(), args.max_grad_norm) # 进行一定step的梯度累计之后，更新参数 if (batch_idx + 1) % args.gradient_accumulation_steps == 0: # 更新参数 optimizer.step() # 更新学习率 scheduler.step() # 清空梯度信息 optimizer.zero_grad() if (batch_idx + 1) % args.log_step == 0: logger.info( "batch {} of epoch {}, loss {}, batch_acc {}, lr {}".format( batch_idx + 1, epoch + 1, loss.item() * args.gradient_accumulation_steps, batch_acc, scheduler.get_lr())) del input_ids, outputs except RuntimeError as exception: if "out of memory" in str(exception): logger.info("WARNING: ran out of memory") if hasattr(torch.cuda, 'empty_cache'): torch.cuda.empty_cache() else: logger.info(str(exception)) raise exception # 记录当前epoch的平均loss与accuracy epoch_mean_loss = total_loss / len(train_dataloader) epoch_mean_acc = epoch_correct_num / epoch_total_num logger.info( "epoch {}: loss {}, predict_acc {}".format(epoch + 1, epoch_mean_loss, epoch_mean_acc)) # save model logger.info('saving model for epoch {}'.format(epoch + 1)) model_path = join(args.save_model_path, 'epoch{}'.format(epoch + 1)) if not os.path.exists(model_path): os.mkdir(model_path) model_to_save = model.module if hasattr(model, 'module') else model model_to_save.save_pretrained(model_path) logger.info('epoch {} finished'.format(epoch + 1)) epoch_finish_time = datetime.now() logger.info('time for one epoch: {}'.format(epoch_finish_time - epoch_start_time)) return epoch_mean_loss def validate_epoch(model, validate_dataloader, logger, epoch, args): logger.info("start validating") model.eval() device = args.device # pad_id = args.pad_id # sep_id = args.sep_id ignore_index = args.ignore_index epoch_start_time = datetime.now() total_loss = 0 # 捕获cuda out of memory exception try: with torch.no_grad(): for batch_idx, (input_ids, labels) in enumerate(validate_dataloader): input_ids = input_ids.to(device) labels = labels.to(device) outputs = model.forward(input_ids, labels=labels) logits = outputs.logits loss = outputs.loss loss = loss.mean() total_loss += loss.item() del input_ids, outputs # 记录当前epoch的平均loss epoch_mean_loss = total_loss / len(validate_dataloader) logger.info( "validate epoch {}: loss {}".format(epoch+1, epoch_mean_loss)) epoch_finish_time = datetime.now() logger.info('time for validating one epoch: {}'.format(epoch_finish_time - epoch_start_time)) return epoch_mean_loss except RuntimeError as exception: if "out of memory" in str(exception): logger.info("WARNING: ran out of memory") if hasattr(torch.cuda, 'empty_cache'): torch.cuda.empty_cache() else: logger.info(str(exception)) raise exception def train(model, logger, train_dataset, validate_dataset, args): train_dataloader = DataLoader( train_dataset, batch_size=args.batch_size, shuffle=True, num_workers=args.num_workers, collate_fn=collate_fn, drop_last=True ) validate_dataloader = DataLoader(validate_dataset, batch_size=args.batch_size, shuffle=True, num_workers=args.num_workers, collate_fn=collate_fn, drop_last=True) early_stopping = EarlyStopping(args.patience, verbose=True, save_path=args.save_model_path) t_total = len(train_dataloader) // args.gradient_accumulation_steps * args.epochs optimizer = transformers.AdamW(model.parameters(), lr=args.lr, eps=args.eps) # scheduler = transformers.WarmupLinearSchedule(optimizer, warmup_steps=args.warmup_steps, t_total=t_total) scheduler = transformers.get_linear_schedule_with_warmup( optimizer, num_warmup_steps=args.warmup_steps, num_training_steps=t_total ) logger.info('starting training') # 用于记录每个epoch训练和验证的loss train_losses, validate_losses = [], [] # 记录验证集的最小loss best_val_loss = 10000 # 开始训练 for epoch in range(args.epochs): # ========== train ========== # train_loss = train_epoch( model=model, train_dataloader=train_dataloader, optimizer=optimizer, scheduler=scheduler, logger=logger, epoch=epoch, args=args) train_losses.append(train_loss) # ========== validate ========== # validate_loss = validate_epoch( model=model, validate_dataloader=validate_dataloader, logger=logger, epoch=epoch, args=args) validate_losses.append(validate_loss) # 保存当前困惑度最低的模型，困惑度低，模型的生成效果不一定会越好 if validate_loss < best_val_loss: best_val_loss = validate_loss logger.info('saving current best model for epoch {}'.format(epoch + 1)) model_path = join(args.save_model_path, 'min_ppl_model'.format(epoch + 1)) if not os.path.exists(model_path): os.mkdir(model_path) model_to_save = model.module if hasattr(model, 'module') else model model_to_save.save_pretrained(model_path) # 如果patience=0,则不进行early stopping if args.patience == 0: continue early_stopping(validate_loss, model) if early_stopping.early_stop: logger.info("Early stopping") break logger.info('training finished') logger.info("train_losses:{}".format(train_losses)) logger.info("validate_losses:{}".format(validate_losses)) def caculate_loss(logit, target, pad_idx, smoothing=True): if smoothing: logit = logit[..., :-1, :].contiguous().view(-1, logit.size(2)) target = target[..., 1:].contiguous().view(-1) eps = 0.1 n_class = logit.size(-1) one_hot = torch.zeros_like(logit).scatter(1, target.view(-1, 1), 1) one_hot = one_hot * (1 - eps) + (1 - one_hot) * eps / (n_class - 1) log_prb = F.log_softmax(logit, dim=1) non_pad_mask = target.ne(pad_idx) loss = -(one_hot * log_prb).sum(dim=1) loss = loss.masked_select(non_pad_mask).mean() # average later else: # loss = F.cross_entropy(predict_logit, target, ignore_index=pad_idx) logit = logit[..., :-1, :].contiguous().view(-1, logit.size(-1)) labels = target[..., 1:].contiguous().view(-1) loss = F.cross_entropy(logit, labels, ignore_index=pad_idx) return loss def calculate_acc(logit, labels, ignore_index=-100): logit = logit[..., :-1, :].contiguous().view(-1, logit.size(-1)) labels = labels[..., 1:].contiguous().view(-1) _, logit = logit.max(dim=-1) # 对于每条数据，返回最大的index # 进行非运算，返回一个tensor，若labels的第i个位置为pad_id，则置为0，否则为1 non_pad_mask = labels.ne(ignore_index) n_correct = logit.eq(labels).masked_select(non_pad_mask).sum().item() n_word = non_pad_mask.sum().item() return n_correct, n_word def main(): # 初始化参数 args = set_args() # 设置使用哪些显卡进行训练 os.environ["CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES"] = args.device args.cuda = not args.no_cuda if args.batch_size < 2048 and args.warmup_steps <= 4000: print('[Warning] The warmup steps may be not enough.\n' \ '(sz_b, warmup) = (2048, 4000) is the official setting.\n' \ 'Using smaller batch w/o longer warmup may cause ' \ 'the warmup stage ends with only little data trained.') # 创建日志对象 logger = create_logger(args) # 当用户使用GPU,并且GPU可用时 args.cuda = torch.cuda.is_available() and not args.no_cuda device = 'cuda:0' if args.cuda else 'cpu' args.device = device logger.info('using device:{}'.format(device)) # 初始化tokenizer tokenizer = BertTokenizerFast(vocab_file=args.vocab_path, sep_token="[SEP]", pad_token="[PAD]", cls_token="[CLS]") args.sep_id = tokenizer.sep_token_id args.pad_id = tokenizer.pad_token_id args.cls_id = tokenizer.cls_token_id # 创建模型的输出目录 if not os.path.exists(args.save_model_path): os.mkdir(args.save_model_path) # 创建模型 if args.pretrained_model: # 加载预训练模型 model = GPT2LMHeadModel.from_pretrained(args.pretrained_model) else: # 初始化模型 model_config = GPT2Config.from_json_file(args.model_config) model = GPT2LMHeadModel(config=model_config) model = model.to(device) logger.info('model config:\n{}'.format(model.config.to_json_string())) assert model.config.vocab_size == tokenizer.vocab_size # 并行训练模型 if args.cuda and torch.cuda.device_count() > 1: model = DataParallel(model).cuda() # model = BalancedDataParallel(args.gpu0_bsz, model, dim=0).cuda() logger.info("use GPU {} to train".format(args.device)) # 计算模型参数数量 num_parameters = 0 parameters = model.parameters() for parameter in parameters: num_parameters += parameter.numel() logger.info('number of model parameters: {}'.format(num_parameters)) # 记录参数设置 logger.info("args:{}".format(args)) # 加载训练集和验证集 # ========= Loading Dataset ========= # train_dataset, validate_dataset = load_dataset(logger, args) train(model, logger, train_dataset, validate_dataset, args) if __name__ == '__main__': main() 

dataset.py文件

讯享网 from torch.utils.data import Dataset import torch class MyDataset(Dataset): """ """ def __init__(self, input_list, max_len): self.input_list = input_list self.max_len = max_len def __getitem__(self, index): input_ids = self.input_list[index] input_ids = input_ids[:self.max_len] input_ids = torch.tensor(input_ids, dtype=torch.long) return input_ids def __len__(self): return len(self.input_list) 

训练数据处理代码preprocess.py

 from tokenizers import BertWordPieceTokenizer from transformers import BertTokenizer from transformers import BertTokenizerFast import argparse import pandas as pd import pickle from tqdm import tqdm from transformers import GPT2TokenizerFast, GPT2LMHeadModel import logging import numpy as np def create_logger(log_path): """ 将日志输出到日志文件和控制台 """ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) logger.setLevel(logging.INFO) formatter = logging.Formatter( '%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s') # 创建一个handler，用于写入日志文件 file_handler = logging.FileHandler( filename=log_path) file_handler.setFormatter(formatter) file_handler.setLevel(logging.INFO) logger.addHandler(file_handler) # 创建一个handler，用于将日志输出到控制台 console = logging.StreamHandler() console.setLevel(logging.DEBUG) console.setFormatter(formatter) logger.addHandler(console) return logger def preprocess(): """ 对原始语料进行tokenize，将每段对话处理成如下形式："[CLS]utterance1[SEP]utterance2[SEP]utterance3[SEP]" """ # 设置参数 parser = argparse.ArgumentParser() parser.add_argument('--vocab_path', default='vocab/vocab.txt', type=str, required=False, help='词表路径') parser.add_argument('--log_path', default='data/preprocess.log', type=str, required=False, help='训练日志存放位置') parser.add_argument('--train_path', default='50w_qa_data', type=str, required=False, help='训练日志存放位置') parser.add_argument('--save_path', default='data/train.pkl', type=str, required=False, help='tokenize的训练数据集') args = parser.parse_args() # 初始化日志对象 logger = create_logger(args.log_path) # 初始化tokenizer tokenizer = BertTokenizerFast(vocab_file=args.vocab_path, sep_token="[SEP]", pad_token="[PAD]", cls_token="[CLS]") sep_id = tokenizer.sep_token_id cls_id = tokenizer.cls_token_id logger.info("preprocessing data,data path:{}, save path:{}".format(args.train_path, args.save_path)) # 读取训练数据集 with open(args.train_path, 'rb') as f: data = f.read().decode("utf-8") # 需要区分linux和windows环境下的换行符 if "\r\n" in data: train_data = data.split("\r\n\r\n") else: train_data = data.split("\n") logger.info("there are {} dialogue in dataset".format(len(train_data))) # 开始进行tokenize # 保存所有的对话数据,每条数据的格式为："[CLS]utterance1[SEP]utterance2[SEP]utterance3[SEP]" dialogue_len = [] # 记录所有对话tokenize之后的长度，用于统计中位数与均值 dialogue_list = [] with open(args.save_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f: for index, dialogue in enumerate(tqdm(train_data)): if "\r\n" in data: utterances = dialogue.split("\r\n") else: utterances = dialogue.split("\t") input_ids = [cls_id] # 每个dialogue以[CLS]开头 for utterance in utterances: input_ids += tokenizer.encode(utterance, add_special_tokens=False) input_ids.append(sep_id) # 每个utterance之后添加[SEP]，表示utterance结束 dialogue_len.append(len(input_ids)) dialogue_list.append(input_ids) # len_mean = np.mean(dialogue_len) # len_median = np.median(dialogue_len) # len_max = np.max(dialogue_len) with open(args.save_path, "wb") as f: pickle.dump(dialogue_list, f) # logger.info("finish preprocessing data,the result is stored in {}".format(args.save_path)) # logger.info("mean of dialogue len:{},median of dialogue len:{},max len:{}".format(len_mean, len_median, len_max)) if __name__ == '__main__': preprocess()