收藏一下常用的c语言的库函数

收藏一下常用的c语言的库函数常用的库函数 函数名 abort 功 能 异常终止一个进程 函数与形参类型 void abort void 程序例 include stdio h include lt stdlib h gt int main void stdio h

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常用的库函数

函数名: abort

功 能

异常终止一个进程

函数与形参类型

  void abort(void);

程序例

  : 
  #include <stdio.h> 
  #include < stdlib.h > int main(void) 
  { 
  printf("Calling abort()\n"); 
  abort(); 
  return 0; /* This is never reached */ 
  }

函数名: ab

功 能

  计算整数num的值。返回整数num的 绝对值

函数与参数类型

  int abs(num) 
  int num;

程序例

  #include <stdio.h> 
  #include < math.h > int main(void) 
  { 
  int number = -1234; printf("number: %d absolute value: %d\n", number, abs(number)); 
  return 0; 
  }

函数名: absread, abswirte

功 能

  绝对磁盘扇区读、写数据

函数与形参类型

  int absread(int drive, int nsects, int sectno, void *buffer); 
  int  abswrite (int drive, int nsects, in tsectno, void *buffer);

程序例

  /* absread example */ #include <stdio.h> 
  #include < conio.h
  #include < process.h
  #include <dos.h> int main(void) 
  { 
  int i, strt, ch_out, sector; 
  char buf[512]; printf("Insert a diskette into drive A and press any key\n"); 
  getch(); 
  sector = 0; 
  if ( absread (0, 1, sector, &buf) != 0) 
  { 
  perror("Disk problem"); 
  exit(1); 
  } 
  printf("Read OK\n"); 
  strt = 3; 
  for (i=0; i<80; i++) 
  { 
  ch_out = buf[strt+i]; 
  putchar(ch_out); 
  } 
  printf("\n"); 
  return(0); 
  }

函数名: acce

功 能

  确定文件的访问权限

函数与形参类型

  int access(const char *filename, int amode);

程序例

  #include <stdio.h> 
  #include <io.h> int  file_exists (char *filename); int main(void) 
  { 
  printf("Does NOTEXIST.FIL exist: %s\n", 
  file_exists("NOTEXISTS.FIL") ? "YES" : "NO"); 
  return 0; 
  } int file_exists(char *filename) 
  { 
  return (access(filename, 0) == 0); 
  }

函数名: aco

功 能

  计算并返回arccos(x)值、要求-1<=X<=1

函数与形参类型

  double acos(x)
  double x;

程序例

  #include <stdio.h> 
  #include <math.h> int main(void) 
  { 
  double result; 
  double x = 0.5; result = acos(x); 
  printf("The arc cosine of %lf is %lf\n", x, result); 
  return 0; 
  }

函数名: allocmem

功 能

  分配DOS存储段

函数与形参类型

  int  allocmem (unsigned size, unsigned *seg);

程序例

  #include <dos.h> 
  #include <alloc.h> 
  #include <stdio.h> int main(void) 
  { 
  unsigned int size, segp; 
  int stat; size = 64; /* (64 x 16) = 1024 bytes */ 
  stat =  allocmem (size, &segp); 
  if (stat == -1) 
  printf("Allocated memory at segment: %x\n", segp); 
  else 
  printf("Failed: maximum number of paragraphs available is %u\n", 
  stat); return 0; 
  }

函数名: arc

功 能

  画一弧线

函数与形参类型

  void far arc(int x, int y, int stangle, int endangle, int radius);

程序例

  #include < graphics.h
  #include <stdlib.h> 
  #include <stdio.h> 
  #include <conio.h> 
  int main(void) 
  { 
  /* request auto detection */ 
  int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode; 
  int midx, midy; 
  int stangle = 45, endangle = 135; 
  int radius = 100; /* initialize graphics and local variables */ 
  initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, ""); /* read result of initialization */ 
  errorcode = graphresult(); /* an error occurred */ 
  if (errorcode != grOk) 
  { 
  printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode)); 
  printf("Press any key to halt:"); 
  getch(); exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */ 
  } midx = getmaxx() / 2; 
  midy = getmaxy() / 2; 
  setcolor(getmaxcolor()); /* draw arc */ 
  arc(midx, midy, stangle, endangle, radius); /* clean up */ 
  getch(); 
  closegraph(); 
  return 0; 
  }

函数名: asctime

功 能

  转换日期和时间为ASCII码

函数与形参类型

  char *asctime(const struct tm *tblock);

程序例

  #include <stdio.h> 
  #include < string.h
  #include <time.h> int main(void) 
  { 
  struct tm t; 
  char str[80]; /* sample loading of tm structure */ t. tm_sec = 1; /* Seconds */ 
  t. tm_min = 30; /* Minutes */ 
  t. tm_hour = 9; /* Hour */ 
  t. tm_mday = 22; /* Day of the Month */ 
  t. tm_mon = 11; /* Month */ 
  t. tm_year = 56; /* Year - does not include century */ 
  t. tm_wday = 4; /* Day of the week */ 
  t. tm_yday = 0; /* Does not show in asctime */ 
  t. tm_isdst = 0; /* Is Daylight SavTime; does not show in asctime */ /* converts structure to null terminated 
  string */ strcpy(str, asctime(&t)); 
  printf("%s\n", str); return 0; 
  }

函数名: asin

  功 能: 计算并返回arcsin(x)值、要求-1<=X<=1
  函数与 形参 类型: double asin(x) 
  double x; 
  程序例: 
  #include <stdio.h> 
  #include <math.h> int main(void) 
  { 
  double result; 
  double x = 0.5; result = asin(x); 
  printf("The arc sin of %lf is %lf\n", x, result); 
  return(0); 
  }

函数名: assert

功 能

  测试一个条件并可能使程序终止

函数与形参类型

  void assert(int test);

程序例

  #include < assert.h
  #include <stdio.h> 
  #include <stdlib.h> struct ITEM { 
  int key; 
  int value; 
  }; /* add item to list, make sure list is not null */ 
  void additem(struct ITEM *itemptr) { 
  assert(itemptr != NULL); 
  /* add item to list */ 
  } int main(void) 
  { 
  additem(NULL); 
  return 0; 
  }

函数名: atan

功 能

  计算并返回arctan(x)的值

函数与形参类型

  double atan(double x);

程序例

  #include <stdio.h> 
  #include <math.h> int main(void) 
  { 
  double result; 
  double x = 0.5; result = atan(x); 
  printf("The arc tangent of %lf is %lf\n", x, result); 
  return(0); 
  }

函数名: atan2

功 能

  计算并返回arctan(x/y)值

函数与形参类型

  double atan2(double y, double x);

程序例

  #include <stdio.h> 
  #include <math.h> int main(void) 
  { 
  double result; 
  double x = 90.0, y = 45.0; result = atan2(y, x); 
  printf("The arc tangent ratio of %lf is %lf\n", (y / x), result); 
  return 0; 
  }

函数名: atexit

功 能

  注册终止函数

函数与形参类型

  int atexit(atexit_t func);

程序例

  #include <stdio.h> 
  #include <stdlib.h> void exit_fn1(void) 
  { 
  printf("Exit function #1 called\n"); 
  } void exit_fn2(void) 
  { 
  printf("Exit function #2 called\n"); 
  } int main(void) 
  { 
  /* post exit function #1 */ 
  atexit(exit_fn1); 
  /* post exit function #2 */ 
  atexit(exit_fn2); 
  return 0; 
  }

函数名: atof

功 能

  把str指向的ASCⅡ字符串转换成一个double型整数返回双精度的结果

函数与形参类型

  double atof(str)
  char*str;

程序例

  #include <stdlib.h> 
  #include <stdio.h> int main(void) 
  { 
  float f; 
  char *str = "12345.67"; f = atof(str); 
  printf("string = %s float = %f\n", str, f); 
  return 0; 
  }

函数名: atoi

功 能

  把str指向的ASCⅡz字符串转换成一个整数。返回整数结果

函数与参数类型

  double atoi(str )
  char *str;

程序例

  #include <stdlib.h> 
  #include <stdio.h> int main(void) 
  { 
  int n; 
  char *str = "12345.67"; n = atoi(str); 
  printf("string = %s integer = %d\n", str, n); 
  return 0; 
  }

函数名: atol

功 能

  把字符串转换成长整型数 。返回长整数结果

函数与参数类型

  long atol(str )
  char *str;

程序例

  #include <stdlib.h> 
  #include <stdio.h> int main(void) 
  { 
  long l; 
  char *str = ""; l = atol(lstr); 
  printf("string = %s integer = %ld\n", str, l); 
  return(0); 
  }

函数名: mkdir

功 能

  建立一个目录

用 法

  int mkdir(char *pathname);

程序例

  #include <stdio.h>
  #include <conio.h>
  #include <process.h>
  #include <dir.h>
  int main(void)
  {
  int status;
  clrscr();
  status = mkdir("asdfjklm");
  (!status) ? (printf("Directory created\n")) :
  (printf("Unable to create directory\n"));
  getch();
  system("dir");
  getch();
  status = rmdir("asdfjklm");
  (!status) ? (printf("Directory deleted\n")) :
  (perror("Unable to delete directory"));
  return 0;
  }

函数名: mktemp

功 能

  建立唯一的文件名

用 法

  char *mktemp(char *template);

程序例

  #include <dir.h>
  #include <stdio.h>
  int main(void)
  {
  /* fname defines the template for the
  temporary file. */
  char *fname = "TXXXXXX", *ptr;
  ptr =  mktemp (fname);
  printf("%s\n",ptr);
  return 0;
  }

函数名: MK_FP

功 能

  设置一个远指针

用 法

  void far *MK_FP(unsigned seg, unsigned off);

程序例

  #include <dos.h>
  #include <graphics.h>
  int main(void)
  {
  int gd, gm, i;
  unsigned int far *screen;
  detectgraph(&gd, &gm);
  if (gd == HERCMONO)
  screen =  MK_FP (0xB000, 0);
  else
  screen = MK_FP(0xB800, 0);
  for (i=0; i<26; i++)
  screen[i] = 0x0700 + ('a' + i);
  return 0;
  }

函数名: modf

功 能

  把数分为指数和尾数

用 法

  double modf(double value, double *iptr);

程序例

  #include <math.h>
  #include <stdio.h>
  int main(void)
  {
  double fraction, integer;
  double number = .567;
  fraction = modf(number, &integer);
  printf("The whole and fractional parts of %lf are %lf and %lf\n",
  number, integer, fraction);
  return 0;
  }

函数名: movedata

功 能

  拷贝字节

用 法

  void movedata(int segsrc, int offsrc, int segdest,
  int offdest, unsigned numbytes);
  程序例 #include <mem.h>
  #define MONO_BASE 0xB000
  /* saves the contents of the monochrome screen in buffer */
  void save_mono_screen(char near *buffer)
  {
  movedata(MONO_BASE, 0, _DS, (unsigned)buffer, 80*25*2);
  }
  int main(void)
  {
  char buf[80*25*2];
  save_mono_screen(buf);
  }

函数名: moverel

功 能

  将当前位置(CP)移动一相对距离

用 法

  void far moverel(int dx, int dy);

程序例

  #include <graphics.h>
  #include <stdlib.h>
  #include <stdio.h>
  #include <conio.h>
  int main(void)
  {
  /* request auto detection */
  int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
  char msg[80];
  /* initialize graphics and local variables */
  initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
  /* read result of initialization */
  errorcode = graphresult();
  if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */
  {
  printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode));
  printf("Press any key to halt:");
  getch();
  exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */
  }
  /* move the C.P. to location (20, 30) */
  moveto(20, 30);
  /* plot a pixel at the C.P. */
  putpixel(getx(), gety(), getmaxcolor());
  /* create and output a message at (20, 30) */
  sprintf(msg, " (%d, %d)", getx(), gety());
  outtextxy(20, 30, msg);
  /* move to a point a relative distance */
  /* away from the current value of C.P. */
   moverel (100, 100);
  /* plot a pixel at the C.P. */
  putpixel(getx(), gety(), getmaxcolor());
  /* create and output a message at C.P. */
  sprintf(msg, " (%d, %d)", getx(), gety());
  outtext(msg);
  /* clean up */
  getch();
  closegraph();
  return 0;
  }

函数名: movetext

功 能

  将屏幕文本从一个矩形区域拷贝到另一个矩形区域

用 法

  int movetext(int left, int top, int right, int bottom,
  int newleft, int newtop);

程序例

  #include <conio.h>
  #include <string.h>
  int main(void)
  {
  char *str = "This is a test string";
  clrscr();
  cputs(str);
  getch();
   movetext (1, 1, strlen(str), 2, 10, 10);
  getch();
  return 0;
  }

函数名: moveto

功 能

  将CP移到(x, y)

用 法

  void far moveto(int x, int y);

程序例

  #include <graphics.h>
  #include <stdlib.h>
  #include <stdio.h>
  #include <conio.h>
  int main(void)
  {
  /* request auto detection */
  int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
  char msg[80];
  /* initialize graphics and local variables */
  initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
  /* read result of initialization */
  errorcode = graphresult();
  if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */
  {
  printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode));
  printf("Press any key to halt:");
  getch();
  exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */
  }
  /* move the C.P. to location (20, 30) */
  moveto(20, 30);
  /* plot a pixel at the C.P. */
  putpixel(getx(), gety(), getmaxcolor());
  /* create and output a message at (20, 30) */
  sprintf(msg, " (%d, %d)", getx(), gety());
  outtextxy(20, 30, msg);
  /* move to (100, 100) */
  moveto(100, 100);
  /* plot a pixel at the C.P. */
  putpixel(getx(), gety(), getmaxcolor());
  /* create and output a message at C.P. */
  sprintf(msg, " (%d, %d)", getx(), gety());
  outtext(msg);
  /* clean up */
  getch();
  closegraph();
  return 0;
  }

函数名: movemem

功 能

  移动一块字节

用 法

  void movemem(void *source, void *destin, unsigned len);

程序例

  #include <mem.h>
  #include <alloc.h>
  #include <stdio.h>
  #include <string.h>
  int main(void)
  {
  char *source = "Borland International";
  char *destination;
  int length;
  length = strlen(source);
  destination = malloc(length + 1);
   movmem (source,destination,length);
  printf("%s\n",destination);
  return 0;
  }

函数名: normvideo

功 能

  选择正常亮度字符

用 法

  void normvideo(void);

程序例

  #include <conio.h>
  int main(void)
  {
   normvideo ();
  cprintf("NORMAL Intensity Text\r\n");
  return 0;
  }

函数名: nosound

功 能

  关闭PC 扬声器

用 法

  void nosound(void);

程序例

  /* Emits a 7-Hz tone for 10 seconds.
  True story: 7 Hz is the resonant frequency of a chicken's skull cavity.
  This was determined empirically in Australia, where a new factory
  generating 7-Hz tones was located too close to a chicken ranch:
  When the factory started up, all the chickens died.
  Your PC may not be able to emit a 7-Hz tone.
  */
  int main(void)
  {
  sound(7);
  delay(10000);
  nosound();
  }
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