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 <p style="text-align:center;line-height:150%"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;line-height: 150%;font-size: 29px">简析类别股制度</span></strong></p><p style="text-align:center;line-height:150%"><strong><span style="font-family: Arial;line-height: 150%;font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span></strong></p><p style="margin-left:28px;line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold;font-size:16px">一、&nbsp;</span><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">类别股简介</span></strong></p><p style="margin-left:28px;text-indent:0;line-height:150%"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">（一）规范的缘起与我国的现状</span></strong></p><p style="margin-left:28px;text-indent:32px;line-height:150%"><span style=";font-family:Arial;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">类别股是与普通股相对的一种股份类别，是指在公司的</span></span><span style=";font-family:Arial;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">股权</span></span><span style=";font-family:Arial;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">设置中，存在两个以上不同种类、不同权利的股份，这些股份因认购时间和价格不同、认购者身份各异、交易场所有别，而在流通性、价格、权利及义务上有所区别。</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">该制度肇始于美国，最典型的例子是</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:Arial">Stroth v. Blackhawk Holding Corp. </span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">一案。此案中，</span></span><span style=";font-family:Arial;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)">Blackhawk Holding</span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">为规避伊利诺伊州</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">“</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">禁止发行无投票权的股票</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">”</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">这一强制性法律规定，发行了有所区别的两种股票：一种是完整权利的普通股，另一种是仅仅有投票权，但不拥有财产权的普通股。从此案开始，时至今日，世界各国凡施行市场经济者，基本都已经摒弃传统的</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">“</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">同股同权</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">”</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">原则，形成了互有差异的类别股模式。</span></span></p><p style="margin-left:28px;text-indent:32px;line-height:150%"><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">我国</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:Arial">2</span></span><span style=";font-family:Arial;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)">013</span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">年公司法第</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:Arial">131</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">条规定：</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">“</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">国务院可以对公司发行本法规定以外的其他种类的股份，另行作出规定。</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">”</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">这就为我国公司未来发行区别于普通股的特殊股权留下了足够的空间。当然，事实也是如此。国务院</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:Arial">46</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">号文《国务院关于开展优先股试点的指导意见》规定，公司可以发行不含表决权但有优先分配公司剩余利润权利的特殊股权。其次，我国有限责任公司也可以章程特别约定，施行</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">“</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">同股不同权</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">”</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">的股权架构。我国《公司法》第</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:Arial">42</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">条规定：</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">“</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">股东会会议由股东按照出资比例行使表决权；但是，公司章程另有规定的除外。</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">”</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">我们可以看见，我国公司法中的</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">“</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">同股同权</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">”</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">仅系原则性规定，在某些特殊情况下，部分公司也存在</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">“</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">同股不同权</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">”</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">的股权模式。</span></span></p><p style="margin-left:28px;text-indent:0;line-height:150%"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">（二）规范的意旨</span></strong></p><p style="margin-left:28px;text-indent:32px;line-height:150%"><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">马克思曾说：</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:Arial">&quot;</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">社会不是以法律为基础</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:Arial">,</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">那是法学家的幻想；相反</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">法律应该以社会为基础。</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">”</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">诚如其所言，社会的需要是新规范诞生的根基，故言规范，必先言其规范之意旨，其意旨所在，大致有三：</span></span></p><p style="margin-left:52px;line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:Arial;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-weight:bold;font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)">1.&nbsp;</span><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">避免优质企业在海外上市。</span></span></strong><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">如今以滴滴公司为代表的科技企业往往在国外上市，除出于合理避税的考虑以外，实行双重股权架构也是其目的之一。一些科技公司的创始人在</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">“</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">同股同权</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">”</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">、</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">“</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">资本多数决</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">”</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">的背景下，随着公司做大做强，由于资金募集的必要性以及自身资金的缺乏，这些创始人往往逐渐失去公司的实际控制能力，最后在公司决策层中被边缘化，公司本身也会出现</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">“</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">外行指挥内行</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">”</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">的局面。为避免此种情况发生，许多公司创始人希望能以小部分财产保障自己的决策权，双重股权结构便符合他们的需要。鉴于国内股份有限公司暂无类别股制度，许多上市公司只能前往海外上市。因此，我国引入类别股制度后，更多企业将会在</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:Arial">A</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">股以及科创板，创业板上市，这一规定便于将来国内交易机构与国外交易机构争夺优质的企业资源，使我国的资本市场更具活力。</span></span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:52px;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family: Arial;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-weight: bold;font-size: 16px">2.&nbsp;</span><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 16px">满足多元化投资需求。</span></strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 16px">我国商法学界近年来逐渐从股东同质化理论迈向了股东异质化理论。股</span><span style="font-family: Arial;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">东异质化理论认为</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 16px">，</span><span style="font-family: Arial;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">股东和股东之间对于企业盈利追求是不一样的。</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 16px">股东之间</span><span style="font-family: Arial;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">大体分为两类主体</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 16px">：</span><span style="font-family: Arial;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">一类股东更关注企业给本身带来的短期盈利，对公司投票权利兴趣不大</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 16px">，其被称为短期投机者</span><span style="font-family: Arial;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">。另一类股东更关注企业所产生的长期效益，希望通过自己的知识及能力给公司带来更好的发展，所以他们更倾向于对投票权的掌控</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 16px">，其被称为长期主义者</span><span style="font-family: Arial;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">。</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 16px">类别股制度可以通过对股权子权利的排列组合，充分满足短期投机者与长期主义者的不同需求，呼应了目前社会投资主体的需要。</span></p><p style="margin-left:52px;line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:Arial;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-weight:bold;font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)">3.&nbsp;</span><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-size: 16px;background: rgb(255, 255, 255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">防止敌意收购。</span></span></strong><span style=";font-family:Arial;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">从反收购的角度看，</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">类别股制度</span></span><span style=";font-family:Arial;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">赋予了</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">企业高层</span></span><span style=";font-family:Arial;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">更多的投票权利</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">。具体来说，</span></span><span style=";font-family:Arial;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">在外的收购方即使买入公司全部流通在外的普通股，也无法拥有公司足够的表决权</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，进而，该制度使投票权牢牢掌握在公司一部分高层手中，有效防止</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">“</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">门口的野蛮人</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">”</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">争夺公司控制权。</span></span></p><p style="margin-left:52px;text-indent:0;line-height:150%"><span style=";font-family:Arial;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)">&nbsp;</span></p><p style="margin-left:28px;line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold;font-size:16px">二、&nbsp;</span><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">适用范围与限制</span></strong></p><p style="margin-left:28px;text-indent:32px;line-height:150%"><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">本次公司法修订草案第二次审议稿（下称</span><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">“</span><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">二审稿</span><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">”</span><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">）关于类别股的规范主要集中规定于</span><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">第一百四十四条、一百四十五条与一百四十六条</span></strong><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">，其分别对类别股的类型、发行主体、公示制度与程序上的分类表决作了具体规定，详细来说：</span></p><p style="margin-left:33px;line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold;font-size:16px">(一)&nbsp;</span><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">类型强制</span></strong></p><p style="text-indent:32px;line-height:150%"><span style=";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px">对于公司类别股的类型，大多数国家采自由放任的态度，法律上对于类别股类型的划分，一般仅仅是供企业参考使用。其中最为典型的乃是《日本公司法》，规定了九种不同的类别股类型。分别为：</span></p><p style="text-indent:32px;line-height:150%"><span style=";font-family:等线;line-height:150%;font-size:16px">①</span><span style=";font-family:Arial;line-height:150%;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">优先分红股票</span></span></p><p style="text-indent:32px;line-height:150%"><span style=";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px">②</span><span style=";font-family:Arial;line-height:150%;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">剩余财产优先分配股票</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px">（破产或清算时启用）</span></p><p style="text-indent:32px;line-height:150%"><span style=";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px">③</span><span style=";font-family:Arial;line-height:150%;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">表决权限制股票</span></span></p><p style="text-indent:32px;line-height:150%"><span style=";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px">④</span><span style=";font-family:Arial;line-height:150%;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">限制转让股票</span></span></p><p style="text-indent:32px;line-height:150%"><span style=";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px">⑤</span><span style=";font-family:Arial;line-height:150%;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">认购股票</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px">（股东可以使公司强制回购的股权）</span></p><p style="text-indent:32px;line-height:150%"><span style=";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px">⑥</span><span style=";font-family:Arial;line-height:150%;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">可回购股票</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px">（满足一定条件时可使公司回购的股权）</span></p><p style="text-indent:32px;line-height:150%"><span style=";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px">⑦</span><span style=";font-family:Arial;line-height:150%;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">全部回购股票</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px">（</span><span style=";font-family:Arial;line-height:150%;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">经过股东大会的特别表决之后，公司可以从股东手中取得所有股票，当然取得时需要给股东支付相应的代价</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px">）</span></p><p style="text-indent:32px;line-height:150%"><span style=";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px">⑧</span><span style=";font-family:Arial;line-height:150%;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">带否决权股票</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px">（带</span><span style=";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px">“</span><span style=";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px">一票否决权</span><span style=";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px">”</span><span style=";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px">的股权）</span></p><p style="text-indent:32px;line-height:150%"><span style=";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px">⑨</span><span style=";font-family:Arial;line-height:150%;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">带董事任命和开除权股票</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px">。</span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:33px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">而我国公司法第</span><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Arial">1</span></span><span style=";font-family:Arial;font-size:16px">44</span><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">条所定之类型股，仅做了三种列举式类型：</span></p><p style="margin-left:24px;line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold;font-size:16px">1.&nbsp;</span><strong><span style="font-family: Arial;font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">优先或者劣后分配利润或者剩余财产的股份；</span></span></strong><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">此种类别股，实则是《日本公司法》中第</span><span style="font-family:宋体">①、②种类型股的组合，将公司正常时的剩余财产分配权和破产或者清算时的剩余财产优先分配权组合至一起。优先分配利润或者剩余财产的类别股为前述</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">国务院</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:Arial">46</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:宋体">号文《国务院关于开展优先股试点的指导意见》所规定。本次二审稿将优先股这一概念提升到了法律的高度，同时也规定了劣后分配股权财产权的类别股，一定程度上拓展了类别股的范围。</span></span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:33px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><br/></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:24px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold;font-size:16px">2.&nbsp;</span><strong><span style="font-family: Arial;font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">每一股的表决权数多于或者少于普通股的股份；</span></span></strong><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">此种类别股，实则为上述《日本公司法》第</span><span style="font-family:宋体">③、⑧种类型股的组合。此处之规定，纲举目张，表明我国在今后的公司治理中股权的两项子权利，即利润分配权权与表决权，将有所分离，此系法律移植角度上的创新性规范，也回应了我国学界对建设公司</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">“</span><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">双重股权架构</span><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">”</span><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">的长久呼吁。</span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style=";font-family:Arial;font-size:16px">&nbsp;</span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:24px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold;font-size:16px">3.&nbsp;</span><strong><span style="font-family: Arial;font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">转让须经公司同意等转让受限的股份；</span></span></strong><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">此种类别股，实际上与上述《日本公司法》第</span><span style="font-family:宋体">④种类型股相同，不过值得注意的是，目前对于有限公司是否得限制股东转让股份已有定论。最高院指导案例</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Arial">96</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">号（宋文军诉西安市大华餐饮有限公司股东资格确认纠纷案）已表明，出于有限责任公司封闭性和人合性的特点与公司自治的原则，有限公司对股东作</span><span style="font-family:宋体">“人走股留”的限制一般应当被认定为有效。此判例解决了公司法第</span><span style="font-family:Arial">7</span></span><span style=";font-family:Arial;font-size:16px">1</span><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">条第一款（</span><span style="font-family:宋体">“有限责任公司的股东之间可以相互转让其全部或者部分股权。”）与第四款（“公司章程对股权转让另有规定的，从其规定。”）的适用优先顺序，尊重公司章程对股权转让的限制。此次二审稿，在原有判例的基础上将类别股的适用主体拓展至非上市的股份公司，且只需要“公司同意”，不再需要以章程形式限定之。可见此规范在当初判例的基础上有所增益与创新。</span></span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style=";font-family:Arial;font-size:16px">&nbsp;</span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:24px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold;font-size:16px">4.&nbsp;</span><strong><span style="font-family: Arial;font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">国务院规定的其他类别股</span></span></strong><span style=";font-family:Arial;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">。</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">日本公司法对公司自由创设的类别股无限制，前述九种类别股可排列组合成新的类别股，而我国对于新型类型股，采取更为审慎的姿态，延续了原本公司法对于类别股的态度，即依然由国务院作为引入新型类别股的主体，呈现一定的法定主义倾向，与其他国家对类别股的自由主义态度形成强烈对比。</span></p><p style="margin-left:33px;text-indent:32px;line-height:150%"><span style=";font-family:Arial;font-size:16px">&nbsp;</span></p><p style="margin-left:33px;line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold;font-size:16px">(二)&nbsp;</span><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">类别股发行主体强制</span></strong></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:33px;text-indent:32px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">二审稿第</span><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Arial">1</span></span><span style=";font-family:Arial;font-size:16px">44</span><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">条规定：</span><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">“</span><span style=";font-family:Arial;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">公开发行股份的公司不得发行前款第二项、第三项规定的类别股；公开发行前已发行的除外。</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">”</span><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">又，本次类别股规范规定于二审稿第六章</span><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">“</span><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">股份有限公司的股份发行和转让</span><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">”</span><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">中，因此类别股的发行主体有以下两项限制：</span><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">（</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:Arial">1</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">）为股份有限公司（</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:Arial">2</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">）为非上市的股份有限公司（上市的股份公司实际上仍然只能发行优先股和普通股）。可见，上市股份公司目前暂无发行类别股的主体资格，类别股并不在二级市场流通。</span></strong></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:33px;text-indent:32px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style=";font-family:Arial;font-size:16px">&nbsp;</span></p><p style="margin-left:33px;line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold;font-size:16px">(三)&nbsp;</span><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">公司章程公示</span></strong></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:33px;text-indent:32px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">二审稿第</span><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Arial">1</span></span><span style=";font-family:Arial;font-size:16px">45</span><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">条规定：</span><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">“</span><span style=";font-family:Arial;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">发行类别股的公司，应当在公司章程中载明以下事项</span></span><span style=";font-family:Arial;font-size:16px">:</span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:33px;text-indent:32px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><strong><span style="font-family: Arial;font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">（一）类别股分配利润或者剩余财产的顺序；</span></span></strong></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:33px;text-indent:32px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><strong><span style="font-family: Arial;font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">（二）类别股的表决权数；</span></span></strong></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:33px;text-indent:32px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><strong><span style="font-family: Arial;font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">（三）类别股的转让限制；</span></span></strong></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:33px;text-indent:32px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><strong><span style="font-family: Arial;font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">（四）保护中小股东权益的措施；</span></span></strong></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:33px;text-indent:32px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><strong><span style="font-family: Arial;font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">（五）股东会会议认为需要规定的其他事项。</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">”</span></strong></p><p style="margin-left:33px;text-indent:32px;line-height:150%"><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">强制公司以章程形式公示类型股，不仅能使外界知晓公司股权结构，也有利于中小股东保护自身自己的合法权益，保护交易安全，促进交易透明化，减少投资主体与公司之间信息不对称。</span></p><p style="margin-left:33px;text-indent:0;line-height:150%"><span style=";font-family:Arial;font-size:16px">&nbsp;</span></p><p style="margin-left:33px;line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold;font-size:16px">(四)&nbsp;</span><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">分类表决的引入</span></strong></p><p style="margin-left:33px;text-indent:32px;line-height:150%"><span style=";font-family:Arial;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">分类表决制度</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">一般</span><span style=";font-family:Arial;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">指公司对有可能损害</span></span><span style=";font-family:Arial;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">流通股股东</span></span><span style=";font-family:Arial;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">利益的事项进行表决时</span></span><span style=";font-family:Arial;font-size:16px">,</span><span style=";font-family:Arial;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">流通股股东有权利进行单独表决</span></span><span style=";font-family:Arial;font-size:16px">,</span><span style=";font-family:Arial;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">如果</span></span><span style=";font-family:Arial;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">流通股</span></span><span style=";font-family:Arial;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">表决达到一定比例</span></span><span style=";font-family:Arial;font-size:16px">,</span><span style=";font-family:Arial;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">其效力就会高于</span></span><span style=";font-family:Arial;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">非流通股股东</span></span><span style=";font-family:Arial;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">表决。</span></span><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">该制度与类别股制度相生相伴，为限制类别股制度下</span><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">“</span><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">一股独大</span><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">”</span><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">的股东而生。</span></p><p style="margin-left:33px;text-indent:32px;line-height:150%"><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">该制度虽有防止大股东欺压小股东的功能，但常被诟病，原因在于，分类表决制度往往使公司决策陷于迟延，故该制度的本质乃为决策效率与公平正义之间的法益权衡。大部分学者以为，设置合理的触发机制，便是一种合理的权衡之道。</span></p><p style="margin-left:33px;text-indent:32px;line-height:150%"><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">二审稿第</span><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Arial">1</span></span><span style=";font-family:Arial;font-size:16px">46</span><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">条规定，分类表决的触发条件为以下五种：</span></p><p style="margin-left:112px;line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold;font-size:16px">（1）&nbsp;</span><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">修改公司章程</span></strong></p><p style="margin-left:112px;line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold;font-size:16px">（2）&nbsp;</span><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">增加或者减少注册资本</span></strong></p><p style="margin-left:112px;line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold;font-size:16px">（3）&nbsp;</span><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">公司合并、分立、解散</span></strong></p><p style="margin-left:112px;line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold;font-size:16px">（4）&nbsp;</span><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">变更公司形式</span></strong></p><p style="margin-left:112px;line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:Arial;color:rgb(34,34,34);font-weight:bold;font-size:16px">（5）&nbsp;</span><strong><span style="font-family: Arial;color: rgb(34, 34, 34);font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">可能损害类别股股东权利的事项</span></span></strong></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:33px;text-indent:32px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">纵观世界各国立法，分类表决可以被大致划分为：</span><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">（</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:Arial">1</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">）概括式触发（扩大触发条件，偏向保护类别股股东）（</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:Arial">2</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">）列举式触发（偏向保护公司决策效率）（</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:Arial">3</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">）列举式＋概况式触发（决策效率优先，兼顾股东利益）。</span></strong><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">一审稿将</span><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">“</span><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">损害股东利益</span><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">”</span><span style=";font-family:宋体;font-size:16px">作为前四项触发条件的附加要件，实际是采用列举主义的触发模式。列举式触发虽能提高公司决策效率，但不利于囊括更多对类别股股东不利益的情形，为回应这一问题，又，考虑到我国类别股制度方兴未艾，许多规范难免失于粗陋，故笔者以为二审稿作此改进，实值赞同。此外需要注意的一个细节是，</span><span style=";font-family:Arial;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">公司章程可以对需经类别股股东会决议的其他事项作出规定。</span></span></p><p style="line-height:150%"><span style=";font-family:Arial;line-height:150%;font-size:16px">&nbsp;</span></p><p style="margin-left:28px;line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:Arial;font-weight:bold;font-size:16px">三、&nbsp;</span><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;font-size: 16px">结语</span></strong></p><p style="text-indent:32px;line-height:150%"><span style=";font-family:宋体;line-height:150%;font-size:16px">由上文论述不难看出，类别股制度可谓创新不足，守陈有余。但是考虑到我国资本市场建设成熟度尚不及欧美诸国，且，过往经验也告诉我们凡事缓则圆，急则废，故类别股制度规范制定上的一些保留，实则也不无道理。总体来说，类别股的引入，使得股权的子权利可以进一步被排列组合，为我国进一步拓展商事自由，强化公司治理作出了过渡性示范，切实地回应了社会的需要。</span></p><p style="line-height: 150%"><span style=";font-family:Arial;line-height:150%;font-size:16px"><br/></span></p><p style="line-height:150%"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体;line-height: 150%;font-size: 16px">参考法律条文</span></strong></p><p style="line-height:150%"><strong><span style="text-decoration:underline;"><span style="font-family: 宋体;line-height: 150%;font-size: 16px">《公司法二审稿草案》</span></span></strong></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:28px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><strong><span style="text-decoration:underline;"><span style="font-family: Arial;color: rgb(34, 34, 34);font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">第一百四十四条</span></span></span></strong></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:28px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style=";font-family:Arial;color:rgb(34,34,34);font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">公司可以按照公司章程的规定发行下列与普通股权利不同的类别股</span></span><span style=";font-family:Arial;color:rgb(34,34,34);font-size:16px">:</span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:33px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style=";font-family:Arial;color:rgb(34,34,34);font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">（一）优先或者劣后分配利润或者剩余财产的股份；</span></span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:33px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style=";font-family:Arial;color:rgb(34,34,34);font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">（二）每一股的表决权数多于或者少于普通股的股份；</span></span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:33px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style=";font-family:Arial;color:rgb(34,34,34);font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">（三）转让须经公司同意等转让受限的股份；</span></span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:33px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style=";font-family:Arial;color:rgb(34,34,34);font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">（四）国务院规定的其他类别股。</span></span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:33px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style=";font-family:Arial;color:rgb(34,34,34);font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">公开发行股份的公司不得发行前款第二项、第三项规定的类别股；公开发行前已发行的除外。</span></span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:33px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style=";font-family:Arial;color:rgb(34,34,34);font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">公司发行第一款第二项规定的类别股的，对于监事或者审计委员会成员的选任，类别股与普通股每一股的表决权数相同。</span></span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:33px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style=";font-family:Arial;color:rgb(34,34,34);font-size:16px">&nbsp;</span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:33px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><strong><span style="text-decoration:underline;"><span style="font-family: Arial;color: rgb(34, 34, 34);font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">第一百四十五条</span></span></span></strong></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:33px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style=";font-family:Arial;color:rgb(34,34,34);font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">发行类别股的公司，应当在公司章程中载明以下事项</span></span><span style=";font-family:Arial;color:rgb(34,34,34);font-size:16px">:</span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:33px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style=";font-family:Arial;color:rgb(34,34,34);font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">（一）类别股分配利润或者剩余财产的顺序；</span></span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:33px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style=";font-family:Arial;color:rgb(34,34,34);font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">（二）类别股的表决权数；</span></span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:33px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style=";font-family:Arial;color:rgb(34,34,34);font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">（三）类别股的转让限制；</span></span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:33px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style=";font-family:Arial;color:rgb(34,34,34);font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">（四）保护中小股东权益的措施；</span></span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:33px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style=";font-family:Arial;color:rgb(34,34,34);font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">（五）股东会会议认为需要规定的其他事项。</span></span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:33px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style=";font-family:Arial;color:rgb(34,34,34);font-size:16px">&nbsp;</span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:33px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><strong><span style="text-decoration:underline;"><span style="font-family: Arial;color: rgb(34, 34, 34);font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">第一百四十六条</span></span></span></strong></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:33px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style=";font-family:Arial;color:rgb(34,34,34);font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">发行类别股的公司，对本法第一百一十六条第三款规定的事项，或者可能损害类别股股东权利的事项，除应当依照第一百一十六条第三款的规定经股东会决议外，还应当经出席类别股股东会的股东所持表决权三分之二以上通过。</span></span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:33px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style=";font-family:Arial;color:rgb(34,34,34);font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">公司章程可以对需经类别股股东会决议的其他事项作出规定。</span></span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;text-indent:32px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style=";font-family:Arial;color:rgb(25,25,25);font-size:16px">&nbsp;</span></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;text-indent:32px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><strong><span style="text-decoration:underline;"><span style="font-family: Arial;color: rgb(25, 25, 25);font-size: 16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">第一百一十六条</span></span></span></strong><strong><span style="text-decoration:underline;"><span style="font-family: 宋体;color: rgb(25, 25, 25);font-size: 16px">第三款</span></span></strong></p><p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:28px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height:150%;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style=";font-family:Arial;color:rgb(25,25,25);font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:宋体">股东会作出修改公司章程、增加或者减少注册资本的决议，以及公司合并、分立、解散或者变更公司形式的决议，必须经出席会议的股东所持表决权的三分之二以上通过。</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%;"><span style=";font-family:Arial;line-height:150%;font-size:16px">&nbsp;</span></p>