Oracle为Linux推出了坚不可摧的企业级内核Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel， UEK是一个高速的、新式的、可靠的Linux内核，它们自己的Exadata Database Machine就是基于该内核，也是为oracle自己的软、硬个件优化过的内核，也都知道ORACLE和RedHat在linux也搞的不是很愉快，而UEK据说可以在OLTP性能上比Red Hat快50%以上，对SSD访问速度增加一倍多。
出于它的可靠性，对Red Hat Linux升级到UEK不用重装操作系统，也不会影响当前的应用。
下面我升级我的RHEL 5进行安装并安装ORALCE Validated RPM,用它简化ORACLE的安装部署
OEL安装ORACLE Validated 不存在任何问题，并且OEL 5光盘里就有它的安装RPM包，但是Red hat和Centos安装会稍麻烦一些。
Validated可以简化ORACLE安装，比如修改内核参数，查询安装ORACLE RDBMS安装所依赖的包，增加ORACLE用户并修改在OS参数限制用户资源
我的步骤是先升级内核然后安装ORALCE Validated ，出于篇幅原因可能有部分输出被cut。
[root@localhost ~]# lsb_release -a
LSB Version: :core-3.1-ia32:core-3.1-noarch:graphics-3.1-ia32:graphics-3.1-noarch
Distributor ID: RedHatEnterpriseServer
Description: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.5 (Tikanga)
Release: 5.5
Codename: Tikanga
[root@localhost ~]# uname -a
Linux localhost.localdomain 2.6.18-194.el5 #1 SMP Tue Mar 16 21:52:43 EDT 2010 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux
[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# wget http://public-yum.oracle.com/public-yum-el5.repo
--2012-06-05 02:13:23-- http://public-yum.oracle.com/public-yum-el5.repo
Resolving public-yum.oracle.com... 141.146.44.34
Connecting to public-yum.oracle.com|141.146.44.34|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 3974 (3.9K) [text/plain]
Saving to: `public-yum-el5.repo'
100%[======================================>] 3,974 --.-K/s in 0.002s
2012-06-05 02:13:24 (2.09 MB/s) - `public-yum-el5.repo' saved [3974/3974]
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /mnt/cdrom
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom
mount: block device /dev/cdrom is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vi local_cd.repo
[rhel-cd]
name=rhel 5.5
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/Server/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
note:
这是配置本地的安装的yum源，希望有的rpm可以从本地得到，节约网络下载
上面是下载的ORACLE的共享YUM源，里面有OEL5各版本的信息
[root@localhost ~]# yum list
Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
el5_latest/primary 27% [==============- ] 24 kB/s | 1.8 MB 03:27 ETA
el5_latest/primary 27% [===========el5_latest/primary | 6.6 MB 04:21
el5_latest 7376/7376
rhel-cd | 1.3 kB 00:00
Installed Packages
Deployment_Guide-en-US.noarch 5.2-11 installed
GConf2.i386 2.14.0-9.el5 installed
MAKEDEV.i386 3.23-1.2 installed
NetworkManager.i386 1:0.7.0-10.el5 installed
NetworkManager-glib.i386 1:0.7.0-10.el5 installed
....
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install kernel-*
Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package kernel.i686 0:2.6.18-308.8.1.0.1.el5 set to be installed
---> Package kernel-PAE.i686 0:2.6.18-308.8.1.0.1.el5 set to be installed
---> Package kernel-PAE-devel.i686 0:2.6.18-308.8.1.0.1.el5 set to be installed
Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================================================================================
Install 21 Package(s)
Upgrade 6 Package(s)
Total download size: 189 M
Downloading Packages:
(1/27): oraclelinux-release-5-8.0.2.i386.rpm | 2.7 kB 00:00
(2/27): device-mapper-multipath-0.4.9-46.0.4.el5.i386.rpm | 94 kB 00:02
(3/27): device-mapper-multipath-libs-0.4.9-46.0.4.el5.i386.rpm | 152 kB 00:05
(4/27): ql2xxx-firmware-1.01.01-0.2.el5.noarch.rpm | 442 kB 00:08
(5/27): kpartx-0.4.9-46.0.4.el5.i386.rpm | 449 kB 00:09
(6/27): mkinitrd-5.1.19.6-75.0.9.el5.i386.rpm | 482 kB 00:08
(7/27): kexec-tools-1.102pre-154.0.3.el5.i386.rpm | 582 kB 00:09
(8/27): iscsi-initiator-utils-6.2.0.872-13.0.1.el5.i386.rpm | 1.0 MB 00:20
(9/27): busybox-1.2.0-13.el5.i386.rpm
[root@localhost ~]# uname -a
Linux localhost.localdomain 2.6.18-194.el5 #1 SMP Tue Mar 16 21:52:43 EDT 2010 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux
[root@localhost ~]# reboot
Broadcast message from root (pts/2) (Tue Jun 5 03:16:50 2012):
The system is going down for reboot NOW!
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom
mount: block device /dev/cdrom is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cd /mnt/cdrom/Server/
[root@localhost Server]# ls |wc -l
2350
[root@localhost ~]# lsb_release -a
LSB Version: :core-3.1-ia32:core-3.1-noarch:graphics-3.1-ia32:graphics-3.1-noarch
Distributor ID: RedHatEnterpriseServer
Description: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.5 (Tikanga)
Release: 5.5
Codename: Tikanga
OK,等了半个小时后内核升级成功
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg Desktop install.log install.log.syslog oracle-validated-1.0.0-5.el5.i386.rpm
[root@localhost ~]# yum install oracle-validated-1.0.0-5.el5.i386.rpm
Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
el5_latest | 1.1 kB 00:00
file:///mnt/cdrom/Server/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 5] OSError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/mnt/cdrom/Server/repodata/repomd.xml'
Trying other mirror.
Setting up Install Process
Examining oracle-validated-1.0.0-5.el5.i386.rpm: oracle-validated-1.0.0-5.el5.i386
Marking oracle-validated-1.0.0-5.el5.i386.rpm to be installed
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package oracle-validated.i386 0:1.0.0-5.el5 set to be updated
--> Processing Dependency: enterprise-release < 6:6 for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: enterprise-release >= 6:5 for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: compat-db for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: compat-gcc-34 for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: compat-gcc-34-c++ for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: compat-libstdc++-33 for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: elfutils-libelf-devel for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: libXp for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: libaio-devel for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: sysstat for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: unixODBC for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: unixODBC-devel for package: oracle-validated
Total size: 19 M
Total download size: 19 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/13): enterprise-release-5-8.0.3.i386.rpm | 29 kB 00:00
(2/13): sysstat-7.0.2-11.el5.i386.rpm | 182 kB 00:03
(3/13): unixODBC-2.2.11-10.el5.i386.rpm | 290 kB 00:04
(4/13): unixODBC-libs-2.2.11-10.el5.i386.rpm | 551 kB 00:11
(5/13): unixODBC-devel-2.2.11-10.el5.i386.rpm | 738 kB 00:08
(6/13): compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-4.1.i386.rpm | 4.0 MB 00:33
(7/13): compat-gcc-34-c++-3.4.6-4.1.i386.rpm | 11 MB 01:37
...
Downloading Packages:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 267 MB/s | 2.0 MB 00:00
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Finished Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : unixODBC-libs 1/15
Installing : unixODBC 2/15
Installing : compat-gcc-34 3/15
Installing : compat-gcc-34-c++ 4/15
Installing : libXp 5/15
Installing : compat-db 6/15
Installing : compat-libstdc++-33 7/15
Installing : sysstat 8/15
Installing : unixODBC-devel 9/15
Installing : enterprise-release 10/15
Installing : libaio-devel 11/15
Installing : elfutils-libelf-devel 12/15
Installing : elfutils-libelf-devel-static 13/15
Installing : oracle-validated 14/15
Erasing : redhat-release 15/15
Installed:
enterprise-release.i386 6:5-8.0.3 oracle-validated.i386 0:1.0.0-5.el5
Dependency Installed:
compat-db.i386 0:4.2.52-5.1 compat-gcc-34.i386 0:3.4.6-4.1 compat-gcc-34-c++.i386 0:3.4.6-4.1
compat-libstdc++-33.i386 0:3.2.3-61 elfutils-libelf-devel.i386 0:0.137-3.el5 elfutils-libelf-devel-static.i386 0:0.137-3.el5
libXp.i386 0:1.0.0-8.1.el5 libaio-devel.i386 0:0.3.106-5 sysstat.i386 0:7.0.2-11.el5
unixODBC.i386 0:2.2.11-10.el5 unixODBC-devel.i386 0:2.2.11-10.el5 unixODBC-libs.i386 0:2.2.11-10.el5
Replaced:
redhat-release.i386 0:5Server-5.5.0.2
Complete!
[root@localhost ~]# id oracle
uid=501(oracle) gid=501(dba) groups=501(dba),502(oinstall) context=root:system_r:unconfined_t:SystemLow-SystemHigh
[root@localhost ~]# more /etc/sysctl.conf
# Kernel sysctl configuration file for Red Hat Linux
#
# For binary values, 0 is disabled, 1 is enabled. See sysctl(8) and
# sysctl.conf(5) for more details.
# Controls IP packet forwarding
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0
# Controls source route verification
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1
# Do not accept source routing
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
# Controls the System Request debugging functionality of the kernel
# Controls whether core dumps will append the PID to the core filename
# Useful for debugging multi-threaded applications
kernel.core_uses_pid = 1
# Controls the use of TCP syncookies
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
# Controls the maximum size of a message, in bytes
kernel.msgmnb = 65536
# Controls the default maxmimum size of a mesage queue
# Controls the maximum shared segment size, in bytes
# Controls the maximum number of shared memory segments, in pages
fs.file-max=
kernel.msgmni=2878
kernel.msgmax=8192
kernel.sem=250 32000 100 142
kernel.shmmni=4096
kernel.shmall=
kernel.sysrq=1
net.core.rmem_default=
# For 11g recommended value for net.core.rmem_max is
net.core.rmem_max=
# For 10g uncomment the following line, comment other entries for this parameter and re-run sysctl -p
# net.core.rmem_max=
net.core.wmem_default=
net.core.wmem_max=
fs.aio-max-nr=
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=1024 65000
kernel.shmmax=
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nofile
oracle hard nofile
oracle soft nproc
oracle hard nproc
oracle soft core unlimited
oracle hard core unlimited
oracle soft memlock
oracle hard memlock
[root@localhost results]# cd /etc/sysconfig/oracle-validated/results/
[root@localhost results]# ls
hangcheck kernel_bootparams.org orakernel.log
ok validated安装成功
note:
修改了内核参数和user限制，内核优化默认是ORACLE11G，原文件会自动备份当前目录下加上.orabackup
也可以查看orakernel.log日志
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