git服务搭建（搭建git服务器web界面）

大家好，我是讯享网，很高兴认识大家。

近期公司为了方便管理项目，要搭建一个git服务器集中管理项目数据。通过请教同事，并在虚拟机上多次尝试终于搭建成功，特意将搭建过程分享给跟我一样的小白。

环境：

服务器端： git-server   192.168.92.128

客户端：   git-client   192.168.92.129

服务器端：

    1、首先安装git 与 openssh  (openssh 安装过的，这步可以只安装git就行)

    sinovo@git-server:$ sudo apt-get install git-core openssh-server openssh-client

    
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    2、进入root权限，打开/etc/sudoers，将sinovo用户加入到sudo权限中，他是gitosis的管理员

    sinovo@git-server:$ sudo vim /etc/sudoers    <img title="12647.png" alt='ubuntu 16.04 下搭建git服务器（gitosis+git-daemon+gitweb）_gitweb_02' src="http://s2.51cto.com/images//12647.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_30,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_20,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=/resize,m_fixed,w_1184"/>     3、生成一个秘钥ssh-rsa-key     sinovo@git-server:~$ ssh-keygen -t rsa

        一路回车即可，不要输任何内容

         ubuntu 16.04 下搭建git服务器（gitosis+git-daemon+gitweb）_版本控制_03  ls

        查看生成的key

        结尾的 sinovo@git-server 是sinovo 在gitosis中的管理员身份

        sinovo@git-server:$ ls .ssh

        sinovo@git-server:$ cat .ssh/id_rsa.pub        <img title="96652.png" alt='ubuntu 16.04 下搭建git服务器（gitosis+git-daemon+gitweb）_git_04' src="http://s2.51cto.com/images//96652.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_30,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_20,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=/resize,m_fixed,w_1184"/>          注意：  .ssh/id_rsa_gitosis.pub文件内容结尾的签名：”sinovo@git-server”，这将是sinovo在gitosis中的管理员身份         4、下载并安装gitosis工具         以sinovo身份执行以下操作：         sinovo@git-server:~$ sudo apt-get install python python-setuptools

         ubuntu 16.04 下搭建git服务器（gitosis+git-daemon+gitweb）_gitosis _05

        sinovo@git-server:$ git clone https://github.com/tv42/gitosis.git

        

        sinovo@git-server:$ cd gitosis/        sinovo@git-server:~/gitosis$ sudo python setup.py install

         ubuntu 16.04 下搭建git服务器（gitosis+git-daemon+gitweb）_gitweb_07

        5、创建git用户，用git用户身份访问其管理的所有git工程

        sinovo@git-server:$ sudo useradd -m git

        sinovo@git-server:$ sudo passwd git        <img title="09842.png" alt='ubuntu 16.04 下搭建git服务器（gitosis+git-daemon+gitweb）_gitweb_08' src="http://s2.51cto.com/images//09842.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_30,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_20,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=/resize,m_fixed,w_1184"/>        gitosis默认所有git工程都放在/home/git/repositories/下。为防止gitosis崩溃的影响，将/home/gitpot作为所有git工程的根目录，今后删除git用户时不会波及这些工程。        sinovo@git-server:~$ sudo mkdir /home/gitpot
        sinovo@git-server:$ sudo chown git.git -R /home/gitpot/
        sinovo@git-server:$ ls /home/ -l<span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", STHeiti, SimSun, "Segoe UI", AppleSDGothicNeo-Medium, "Malgun Gothic", Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">        <img title="92311.png" alt='ubuntu 16.04 下搭建git服务器（gitosis+git-daemon+gitweb）_gitosis _09' src="http://s2.51cto.com/images//92311.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_30,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_20,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=/resize,m_fixed,w_1184"/>       然后以git身份，建立/home/git/repositories为指向/home/gitpot的超级链接。        sinovo@git-server:~$ su - git
        git@git-server:$ git config –global user.name "Gitadmin"
        git@git-server:$ git config --global user.email         git@git-server:~$ ls -al
        git@git-server:$ ln -s /home/gitpot https://blog.51cto.com//repositories
        git@git-server:\( ls -al        <img title="22680.png" alt='ubuntu 16.04 下搭建git服务器（gitosis+git-daemon+gitweb）_gitweb_10' src="http://s2.51cto.com/images//22680.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_30,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_20,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=/resize,m_fixed,w_1184"/>              6、创建gitosis管理工程            以sinovo 身份执行以下命令：         <img title="54524.png" alt='ubuntu 16.04 下搭建git服务器（gitosis+git-daemon+gitweb）_gitweb_11' src="http://s2.51cto.com/images//54524.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_30,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_20,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=/resize,m_fixed,w_1184"/>        如果是centos6.6的话用这个路径 sudo -H -u git /usr/bin/gitosis-init < https://blog.51cto.com//        以上如果没有报错就是OK了        下载gitosis-admin.git工程，验证sinovo作为管理员，可以访问这个“管理所有git工程”的git工程       <img title="44047.png" alt='ubuntu 16.04 下搭建git服务器（gitosis+git-daemon+gitweb）_git_12' src="http://s2.51cto.com/images//44047.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_30,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_20,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=/resize,m_fixed,w_1184"/>           如果以上创建完成后没有问题，可以通过keydir文件与 gitosis.conf查看用户名及秘钥文件        <img title="28203.png" alt='ubuntu 16.04 下搭建git服务器（gitosis+git-daemon+gitweb）_版本控制_13' src="http://s2.51cto.com/images//28203.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_30,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_20,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=/resize,m_fixed,w_1184"/>  客户端        7、重复第 1 步和第 3 步，将生成的文件上传至服务器共享文件夹 keys 下 服务器        8、添加客户端git-client上的用户pdf，并新增一个test-git.git工程。         首先将keys目录下的秘钥拷贝到gitosis-admin下,然后查看客户端的秘钥<span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", STHeiti, SimSun, "Segoe UI", AppleSDGothicNeo-Medium, "Malgun Gothic", Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> <span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", STHeiti, SimSun, "Segoe UI", AppleSDGothicNeo-Medium, "Malgun Gothic", Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">        <img src="http://s2.51cto.com/images//33524.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_30,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_20,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=/resize,m_fixed,w_1184" title="33524.png" alt='ubuntu 16.04 下搭建git服务器（gitosis+git-daemon+gitweb）_gitweb_14'/>        将上传的秘钥拷贝到 keydir文件夹下并创新命名为 key文件结尾的 pdf@git-client,然后将上传的秘钥删除，只保留keydir下的       <span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", STHeiti, SimSun, "Segoe UI", AppleSDGothicNeo-Medium, "Malgun Gothic", Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">          <img src="http://s2.51cto.com/images//11174.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_30,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_20,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=/resize,m_fixed,w_1184" title="11174.png" alt='ubuntu 16.04 下搭建git服务器（gitosis+git-daemon+gitweb）_gitweb_15'/>        编辑 gitosis.conf 将 pdf@git-client 添加进入gitosis管理组或新建一个测试组        sinovo@git-server:~/gitosis-admin\) sudo vim gitosis.conf

         ubuntu 16.04 下搭建git服务器（gitosis+git-daemon+gitweb）_版本控制_16       

        查看是否有更改

        sinovo@git-server:/gitosis-admin$ git status

        我们可以看到红色部分的文件是我们做过更改动作的

        

        提交更改

        sinovo@git-server:/gitosis-admin$ git add gitosis.conf        sinovo@git-server:~/gitosis-admin$ git add keydir/

        sinovo@git-server:/gitosis-admin$ git commit -m "Add test-git project."

        

        sinovo将本地的修改提交到远端：

        sinovo@git-server:/gitosis-admin$ git remote -v          sinovo@git-server:~/gitosis-admin$ git branch -a

        sinovo@git-server:/gitosis-admin$ git log

        sinovo@git-server:/gitosis-admin\( git push origin master        <img src="http://s2.51cto.com/images//15482.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_30,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_20,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=/resize,m_fixed,w_1184" title="15482.png" alt='ubuntu 16.04 下搭建git服务器（gitosis+git-daemon+gitweb）_git_19'/>         以git身份创建一个空的test-git.git仓库         <img src="http://s2.51cto.com/images//27749.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_30,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_20,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=/resize,m_fixed,w_1184" title="27749.png" alt='ubuntu 16.04 下搭建git服务器（gitosis+git-daemon+gitweb）_gitweb_20'/>        /home/gitpot目录下保存的都将是原始仓库(—bare)<span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", STHeiti, SimSun, "Segoe UI", AppleSDGothicNeo-Medium, "Malgun Gothic", Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> <span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", STHeiti, SimSun, "Segoe UI", AppleSDGothicNeo-Medium, "Malgun Gothic", Arial, freesans, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 18px;">客户端<span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", STHeiti, SimSun, "Segoe UI", AppleSDGothicNeo-Medium, "Malgun Gothic", Arial, freesans, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 18px;">       <span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", STHeiti, SimSun, "Segoe UI", AppleSDGothicNeo-Medium, "Malgun Gothic", Arial, freesans, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 16px;"> 验证其他新增用户的访问权限         pdf@git-client:~\) git clone git@192.168.92.128:test-git.git

         ubuntu 16.04 下搭建git服务器（gitosis+git-daemon+gitweb）_gitweb_21

       最后将新用户合并至远端，合并没有问题则验证通过 

       pdf@git-client:$ cd test-git/

       pdf@git-client:/test-git$ echo "Hello World! It's pdf comment." >hello.txt       pdf@git-client:~/test-git$ git add hello.txt

       pdf@git-client:/test-git$ git commit -m "Add hello.txt."

       pdf@git-client:/test-git$ git status       pdf@git-client:~/test-git$ git log

       pdf@git-client:/test-git$ git branch

       pdf@git-client:/test-git$ git remote -v       pdf@git-client:~/test-git$ git push origin master

        ubuntu 16.04 下搭建git服务器（gitosis+git-daemon+gitweb）_版本控制_22

       下面以gadmin身份验证修改和创建新分支的权限

        sinovo@git-server:$ git clone git@192.168.92.128:test-git.git

        

 

       sinovo@git-server:/test-git$ echo "Welcome! I'm gadmin." >> hello.txt       sinovo@git-server:~/test-git$ cat hello.txt

       sinovo@git-server:/test-git$ git add hello.txt

       sinovo@git-server:/test-git$ git commit -m "Add a comment into hello.txt."       sinovo@git-server:~/test-git$ git log   
       sinovo@git-server:/test-git$ git remote -v

       sinovo@git-server:/test-git$ git branch -a       sinovo@git-server:~/test-git$ git push origin master

         ubuntu 16.04 下搭建git服务器（gitosis+git-daemon+gitweb）_版本控制_24

       sinovo@git-server:/test-git$ git checkout -b test1

       sinovo@git-server:/test-git$ echo "You can checkout new branch and merge into remote." >README       sinovo@git-server:~/test-git$ git add README

       sinovo@git-server:/test-git$ git commit -m "Add README."

       sinovo@git-server:/test-git$ git branch -a       sinovo@git-server:~/test-git$ git log

       sinovo@git-server:/test-git$ git push origin test1:refs/heads/test1

       

服务器端

    安装并配置git-daemon

    git-daemon可以提供给局域网内任何人只读访问的权限。/home/git/repositoies/下所有git工程可任意下载。
    Ubuntu16.04不再使用git-daemon-run，启用的是git-daemon-sysvinit。

    安装git-daemon-sysvinit

    sinovo@git-server:/test-git\( sudo apt-get install git-daemon-sysvini<span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", STHeiti, SimSun, "Segoe UI", AppleSDGothicNeo-Medium, "Malgun Gothic", Arial, freesans, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 16px;">    <img src="http://s2.51cto.com/images//83143.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_30,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_20,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=/resize,m_fixed,w_1184" title="83143.png" alt='ubuntu 16.04 下搭建git服务器（gitosis+git-daemon+gitweb）_gitweb_26'/><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", STHeiti, SimSun, "Segoe UI", AppleSDGothicNeo-Medium, "Malgun Gothic", Arial, freesans, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 16px;">    修改git-daemon配置，将监听的根目录指向/home/gitpot。    sinovo@git-server:~/test-git\) sudo vim /etc/default/git-daemon

     ubuntu 16.04 下搭建git服务器（gitosis+git-daemon+gitweb）_git_27

    重启git-daemon服务，查看其监听的端口(9418)状态，证明服务已经正常运行 

    sinovo@git-server:$ sudo service git-daemon restart

    sinovo@git-server:$ sudo service git-daemon status<span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", STHeiti, SimSun, "Segoe UI", AppleSDGothicNeo-Medium, "Malgun Gothic", Arial, freesans, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 16px;">    <img src="http://s2.51cto.com/images//47147.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_30,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_20,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=/resize,m_fixed,w_1184" title="47147.png" alt='ubuntu 16.04 下搭建git服务器（gitosis+git-daemon+gitweb）_git_28'/><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", STHeiti, SimSun, "Segoe UI", AppleSDGothicNeo-Medium, "Malgun Gothic", Arial, freesans, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 16px;">    sinovo@git-server:~$ sudo lsof -i:9418

     ubuntu 16.04 下搭建git服务器（gitosis+git-daemon+gitweb）_gitweb_29

    在客户端以未注册的用户身份(root)下载git工程。使用的是git访问

     ubuntu 16.04 下搭建git服务器（gitosis+git-daemon+gitweb）_版本控制_30

服务器端

    安装配置gitweb

    安装apache

    sinovo@git-server:$ sudo apt-get install apache2

    打开浏览器输入192.168.92.128，出现以下页面表示安装成功

    

   安装gitweb

    sinovo@git-server:\( sudo apt-get install libcgi-pm-perl gitweb      <span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", STHeiti, SimSun, "Segoe UI", AppleSDGothicNeo-Medium, "Malgun Gothic", Arial, freesans, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">建立超链接，使访问192.168.92.128/gitweb ,由gitweb.cgi响应     <span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", STHeiti, SimSun, "Segoe UI", AppleSDGothicNeo-Medium, "Malgun Gothic", Arial, freesans, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 16px;">s<span style="font-size: 15px; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", STHeiti, SimSun, "Segoe UI", AppleSDGothicNeo-Medium, "Malgun Gothic", Arial, freesans, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">inovo@git-server:~\) sudo ln -s /usr/share/gitweb /var/www/html/gitweb

     ubuntu 16.04 下搭建git服务器（gitosis+git-daemon+gitweb）_gitosis _32

    将gitweb访问的git工程根目录指向/home/gitpot

    sinovo@git-server:$ sudo vim /etc/gitweb.conf

    

    修改apache的80端口网页配置，使访问192.168.92.128/gitweb 并启用gitweb.cgi

    sinovo@git-server:\( sudo vim /etc/apache2/sites-available/000-default.conf    进入编辑页面后在最后面追加以下内容，保存退出。然后重启apache就OK了<span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", STHeiti, SimSun, "Segoe UI", AppleSDGothicNeo-Medium, "Malgun Gothic", Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> <span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", STHeiti, SimSun, "Segoe UI", AppleSDGothicNeo-Medium, "Malgun Gothic", Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"> <span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", STHeiti, SimSun, "Segoe UI", AppleSDGothicNeo-Medium, "Malgun Gothic", Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">   <img src="http://s2.51cto.com/images//05573.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_30,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_20,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=/resize,m_fixed,w_1184" title="05573.png" alt='ubuntu 16.04 下搭建git服务器（gitosis+git-daemon+gitweb）_git_34'/><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", STHeiti, SimSun, "Segoe UI", AppleSDGothicNeo-Medium, "Malgun Gothic", Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">    sinovo@git-server:~\) sudo a2enmod cgid

    sinovo@git-server:~$ sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

     ubuntu 16.04 下搭建git服务器（gitosis+git-daemon+gitweb）_git_35  

    最后验证网页是否有效

    浏览器输入：192.168. 92.128/gitweb

     ubuntu 16.04 下搭建git服务器（gitosis+git-daemon+gitweb）_git_36  

git服务搭建（搭建git服务器web界面）

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