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 <p id="34CRN7S8"><strong>词法篇</strong></p><p id="34CRN7SA">英文与中文一样，也有名词、动词、形容词等。唯一不同的是，中文没有冠词。</p><p id="34CRN7SB">英语句子成分也是主谓宾定状补等。一般名词作为主语、宾语，动词作为谓语。</p><p id="34CRN7SC">名词、动词是单词性质，主语、谓语是句子成分。</p><p id="34CRN7SE"><strong>第17讲</strong></p><p id="34CRN7SF"><strong>连接词conjunctions</strong></p><p id="34CRN7SH">连接词是英文中最简单的一类词，就是连接词与词、句与句。比如Tom and Jerry汤姆和杰瑞。</p><p id="34CRN7SI">连接词有一个形象的比喻：<strong>胶水词</strong>。连接词主要分两类：并列连接词和从属连接词。</p><p id="34CRN7SK"><strong>并列连接词</strong></p><p id="34CRN7SL">并列连接词，顾名思义，两个词或两个句子并列。如果连接的是句子，那就一定 是并列 句 。</p><p id="34CRN7SM">并列连接词，表示并列、选择、转折、因果等关系。</p><p id="34CRN7SN"><strong>1、并列</strong></p><p id="34CRN7SO">My friend came up to me, held my hand, and said good-bye excitedly. （三个以上并列，and要放在最后）</p><p id="34CRN7SP">This book may be used both as a text and as a reference book. （这类也被称为“关联连接词”）</p><p id="34CRN7SQ">He speaks not only Chinese but also English.</p><p id="34CRN7SR">Tom is not so strong as you. （as不能用like）</p><p id="34CRN7SS"><strong>2、选择</strong></p><p id="34CRN7ST">To be, or not to be, that is the question. 生存还是毁灭，这是个问题。</p><p id="34CRN7SU">Either you run the day, or the day runs you. 要么你主宰时光，要么时光主宰你。</p><p id="34CRN7SV">Either you or your brother cleans the window. （“主谓一致”中的就近原则）</p><p id="34CRN7T0"><strong>3、转折</strong></p><p id="34CRN7T1">I can accept failure, but I can't accept not trying. 我可以接受失败，但我不能接受不去尝试。</p><p id="34CRN7T2">Although she felt ill, she still went to work. （although和but不能同时出现，所以后面用still）</p><p id="34CRN7T3">She said she would be late, yet she arrived on time.</p><p id="34CRN7T4">She has the window open, however cold it is outside. （however与形容词连用）</p><p id="34CRN7T5"><strong>4、因果</strong></p><p id="34CRN7T6">It was still painful, so I went to see a doctor. （Because和so也不能同时出现）</p><p id="34CRN7T7">We rarely stay in hotels, for we can’t afford it. 我们很少住宾馆，因为我们住不起。（for有补充说明的意思）</p><p id="34CRN7T8">Mary must have come back home, since her coat is not here. 玛丽一定已经回家了，因为她的外套不在这儿。（since更多表示推测）</p><p id="34CRN7TA"><strong>从属连接词</strong></p><p id="34CRN7TB">从属连接词，顾名思义，是表示从属关系，就是连接主句和从句。</p><p id="34CRN7TC"><strong>1、名词性从句连词</strong></p><p id="34CRN7TD">that引导名词性从句，没有实际意义，作宾语时可以省略。</p><p id="34CRN7TE">She said (that) the story was true.</p><p id="34CRN7TF"><strong>2、状语从句的连词</strong></p><p id="34CRN7TG">Although，because，since，as，if，unless，until，while，when，whether……</p><p id="34CRN7TH">We are never defeated because we can always try again. （在从句中往往用because）</p><p id="34CRN7TI">If winter comes, can spring be far behind? 如果冬天来了，春天还会远吗？</p><p id="34CRN7TJ">I'm going whether you like it or not. （whether是从属连接词，or是并列连接词）</p><p id="34CRN7TK">从属连接词是从句重要的引导词 ，一般你只要能够找到这个词，就把这个句子的结构搞清楚了。</p><p id="34CRN7TM"><strong>总结</strong></p><p id="34CRN7TN">1、连词就是胶水词，连接词和词、句子和句子；</p><p id="34CRN7TO">2、句子和句子之间只有两种关系，并列和从属，用到的就是并列连接词和从属连接词；</p><p id="34CRN7TP">3、使用并列连接词要注意主谓一致原则；</p><p id="34CRN7TQ">4、从属连接词是区分从句的关键，画出连接词，分清主句从句；</p><p id="34CRN7TR">5、<strong>做题提示</strong>：见到连接词，就想复合句。</p>