讯享网

 <p id="34L5IOCI">时态无疑是初中英语最重要的语法内容，学好时态基本就拿下了语法的半壁江山。今天总结的八种时态是初中必学必考的，一定要加倍重视！</p><p id="34L5IOCK"> 为了帮助大家更好地掌握时态，我们还特别推出公益课 <strong>《数轴法突破英语必考时态》</strong> ，由高考英语146分的名师分享，点击图片即可免费听！</p><p id="34L5IOCM"> <strong>附赠：100+掌门精品公益课，点击图片免费听⏬</strong></p><p class="f_center"> <img src="https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2024%2F1029%2Fdf9c5c4ej00sm3ok300bsd200u000bng00fm0062.jpg&thumbnail=660x&quality=80&type=jpg"/><br/></p><p id="34L5IOCO"> 课程永久有效可无限回看</p><p id="34L5IOCS"> 01 </p><p id="34L5IOCT"><strong>一般现在时</strong></p><p id="34L5IOD1"><strong>1. 概念：</strong>经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。<br/></p><p id="34L5IOD3"><strong>2. 基本结构：</strong>①is/am/are；②do/does</p><p id="34L5IOD4">否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。</p><p id="34L5IOD6"><strong>3. 一般疑问句：</strong>①把is/am/are动词放于句首；②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。</p><p id="34L5IOD8"><strong>4. 用法</strong></p><p id="34L5IOD9">1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。</p><p id="34L5IODA">例如：I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。</p><p id="34L5IODC">2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。</p><p id="34L5IODD">例如：The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。</p><p id="34L5IODE">Shanghai lies in the east ofChina. 上海位于中国东部。</p><p id="34L5IODG">3) 表示格言或警句。</p><p id="34L5IODH">例如：Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。</p><p id="34L5IODI">注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。</p><p id="34L5IODJ">例如：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。</p><p id="34L5IODL">4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。</p><p id="34L5IODM">例如：I don't want so much. 我不要那么多。</p><p id="34L5IODN">Ann writes good English but does not speak well.安英语写得不错，讲的可不行。</p><p id="34L5IODP">5) 一般现在时表示将来含义</p><p id="34L5IODQ">a. 下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时可以表示将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。</p><p id="34L5IODR">例如：The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。</p><p id="34L5IODS">When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 汽车什么时候开?十分钟后。</p><p id="34L5IODU">b. 在时间或条件句中。</p><p id="34L5IODV">例如：When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me. 比尔来后，让他等我。</p><p id="34L5IOE0">I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里，就写信给你。</p><p class="f_center"><img src="https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2024%2F1029%2Fece158dbj00sm3ok3001sd200p000dwg00ij00aa.jpg&thumbnail=660x&quality=80&type=jpg"/><br/></p><p id="34L5IOE5"> 02 </p><p id="34L5IOE6"><strong>一般过去时</strong></p><p id="34L5IOE8"><strong>1. 概念：</strong>过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。</p><p id="34L5IOEA"><strong>2. 基本结构：</strong>①was/were；②行为动词过去式</p><p id="34L5IOEB">否定形式：①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。</p><p id="34L5IOEC">一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首；②用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。</p><p id="34L5IOEE"><strong>3. 用法</strong></p><p id="34L5IOEF">1) 在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。</p><p id="34L5IOEG">时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。</p><p id="34L5IOEH">例如：Where did you go just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了?</p><p id="34L5IOEJ">2) 表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。</p><p id="34L5IOEK">例如：When I was a child, I often played football in the street.</p><p id="34L5IOEL">我是个孩子的时候，常在马路上踢足球。</p><p id="34L5IOEM">Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.</p><p id="34L5IOEN">那时，布朗一家无论什么时候去，都受到热烈欢迎。</p><p id="34L5IOEO">注意：used to + do："过去常常"表示过去习惯性的动作或状态，但如今已不存在。</p><p id="34L5IOEP">例如：Mother used not to be so forgetful. 老妈过去没那么健忘。</p><p id="34L5IOEQ">Scarf used to take a walk. 斯卡夫过去常常散步。</p><p class="f_center"><img src="https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2024%2F1029%2F96fa9cffj00sm3ok40014d200p000dwg00ij00aa.jpg&thumbnail=660x&quality=80&type=jpg"/><br/></p><p id="34L5IOEV"> 03 </p><p id="34L5IOF0"><strong>现在进行时</strong><br/></p><p id="34L5IOF2"><strong>1. 概念：</strong>表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。<br/></p><p id="34L5IOF4"><strong>2. 时间状语：</strong>now, at this time, these days, etc.</p><p id="34L5IOF6"><strong>3. 基本结构：</strong>am/is/are+doing</p><p id="34L5IOF7">否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.</p><p id="34L5IOF8">一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。</p><p id="34L5IOFA"><strong>4. 用法：</strong><br/></p><p id="34L5IOFB">1) 表示现在(指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情。</p><p id="34L5IOFC">例如：We are waiting for you. 我们正在等你。</p><p id="34L5IOFE">2) 习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。</p><p id="34L5IOFF">例如：Mr. Green is writing another novel. 他在写另一部小说。(说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。)</p><p id="34L5IOFH">3) 表示渐变，这样的动词有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。</p><p id="34L5IOFI">例如：The leaves are turning red. 叶子在变红。</p><p id="34L5IOFJ">It's getting warmer and warmer. 天越来越热了。</p><p id="34L5IOFL">4) 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。例如：</p><p id="34L5IOFM">You are always changing your mind. 你老是改变主意。</p><p id="34L5IOFO">5) 用现在进行时表示将来</p><p id="34L5IOFP">下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等瞬时动词的现在进行时可以表示将来。</p><p id="34L5IOFQ">例如：I'm leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。</p><p id="34L5IOFR">Are you staying here till next week? 你会在这儿呆到下周吗?</p><p class="f_center"><img src="https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2024%2F1029%2F6cf6073cj00sm3ok4000ld200p000dwg00ij00aa.jpg&thumbnail=660x&quality=80&type=jpg"/><br/></p><p id="34L5IOG0"> 04 </p><p id="34L5IOG1"><strong>过去进行时</strong></p><p id="34L5IOG3"><strong>1. 概念：</strong>表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。<br/></p><p id="34L5IOG4">My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. <br/></p><p id="34L5IOG5">我兄弟骑车时摔了下来，受了伤。</p><p id="34L5IOG6">When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. </p><p id="34L5IOG7">我到达山顶时，阳光灿烂。</p><p id="34L5IOG9"><strong>2. 时间状语：</strong>at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。</p><p id="34L5IOGB"><strong>3. 基本结构：</strong>was/were+doing</p><p id="34L5IOGC">否定形式：was/were + not + doing.</p><p id="34L5IOGD">一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。</p><p id="34L5IOGF"><strong>4. 用法</strong></p><p id="34L5IOGG">1) 过去进行时表示过去某段时间内持续进行的动作或者事情。</p><p id="34L5IOGH">We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.</p><p id="34L5IOGI">昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。　　 </p><p id="34L5IOGK">2) 过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。</p><p id="34L5IOGL">时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。</p><p id="34L5IOGM">What was she doing at nine o'clock yesterday?</p><p id="34L5IOGN">昨天晚上九点她在做什么？(介词短语表示时间点)</p><p id="34L5IOGO">She was doing her homework then.</p><p id="34L5IOGP">那个时候她正在写作业。（副词表示时间点）</p><p id="34L5IOGQ">When I saw him he was decorating his room.</p><p id="34L5IOGR">当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。(when从句表示时间点)</p><p id="34L5IOGT">3) 在复合句中，如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的，那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。</p><p id="34L5IOGU">When he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.</p><p id="34L5IOGV">他边等车边看报。(两个动作都是延续的)</p><p id="34L5IOH0">He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.</p><p id="34L5IOH1">他擦车时我在做饭。(两个动作同时进行)</p><p class="f_center"><img src="https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2024%2F1029%2F20f92f4dj00sm3ok4000yd200p000dwg00ij00aa.jpg&thumbnail=660x&quality=80&type=jpg"/><br/></p><p id="34L5IOH7"> 05 </p><p id="34L5IOH8"><strong>一般将来时</strong></p><p id="34L5IOHA"><strong>1. 概念：</strong>表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。<br/></p><p id="34L5IOHC"><strong>2. 时间状语：</strong>tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, in a few minutes, by the day after tomorrow, etc.</p><p id="34L5IOHE"><strong>3. 基本结构：</strong>①am/is/are/going to + do；②will + do.</p><p id="34L5IOHF">否定形式：①am/is/are+not+going to + do②will not（won't）+ do.</p><p id="34L5IOHG">一般疑问句：①am/is/are放于句首；②will提到句首。</p><p id="34L5IOHI"><strong>4. will主要用于在以下三个方面：</strong></p><p id="34L5IOHJ">1) 表示主观意愿的将来。</p><p id="34L5IOHK">They will go to visit the factory tomorrow. </p><p id="34L5IOHL">明天他们将去厂参观工厂。</p><p id="34L5IOHM">I’ll come with Wang Bing, Liu Tao and Yang Ling. </p><p id="34L5IOHN">我将和王兵、刘涛、杨玲一起来。</p><p id="34L5IOHP">2) 表示不以人的意志为转移的客观的将来。</p><p id="34L5IOHQ">Today is Saturday. Tomorrow will be Sunday. </p><p id="34L5IOHR">今天是星期六。明天是（将）是星期日。</p><p id="34L5IOHS">He will be thirty years old this time next year. </p><p id="34L5IOHT">明年这个时候他就（将）三十岁。</p><p id="34L5IOHV">3) 表示临时决定，通常用于对话中。</p><p id="34L5IOI0">—Mary has been ill for a week.</p><p id="34L5IOI1">玛丽病了一周了。</p><p id="34L5IOI2">—Oh, I didn't know. I will go and see her.</p><p id="34L5IOI3">噢，我不知道。我去看看她。</p><p id="34L5IOI5">5. be going to主要用于一下两个方面：</p><p id="34L5IOI6">1) 表示事先经过考虑、安排好打算、计划要做某事。</p><p id="34L5IOI7">Dad and I are going to watch an opera this afternoon. </p><p id="34L5IOI8">今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌剧。</p><p id="34L5IOIA">2) 表示根据目前某种迹象判断，某事非常有可能发生，表示推测。</p><p id="34L5IOIB">Look! There come the dark clouds. It is going to rain. </p><p id="34L5IOIC">瞧！乌云密集。天要下雨了。</p><p class="f_center"><img src="https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2024%2F1029%2Fc64cac48j00sm3ok5001gd200p000dwg00ij00aa.jpg&thumbnail=660x&quality=80&type=jpg"/><br/></p><p id="34L5IOII"> 06 </p><p id="34L5IOIJ"><strong>过去将来时</strong></p><p id="34L5IOIL"><strong>1. 概念：</strong>立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。<br/></p><p id="34L5IOIN"><strong>2. 时间状语：</strong>the next day(morning, year),the following month(week),etc. </p><p id="34L5IOIP"><strong>3. 基本结构：</strong>①was/were/going to + do；②would + do.</p><p id="34L5IOIQ">否定形式：①was/were/not + going to + do;②would + not + do.</p><p id="34L5IOIR">一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首；②would 提到句首。</p><p id="34L5IOIT"><strong>4. 用法</strong></p><p id="34L5IOIU">1) “would+动词原形”常表示主观意愿的将来。例如：</p><p id="34L5IOIV">He said he would come to see me.</p><p id="34L5IOJ0">他说他要来看我。</p><p id="34L5IOJ1">He told me he would go to Beijing.</p><p id="34L5IOJ2">他告诉我他将去北京。</p><p id="34L5IOJ4">2) “was/ were+going to+动词原形”常表示按计划或安排即将发生的事。例如：</p><p id="34L5IOJ5">She said she was going to start off at once.</p><p id="34L5IOJ6">她说她将立即出发。</p><p id="34L5IOJ7">I was told that he was going to return home.</p><p id="34L5IOJ8">有人告诉我他准备回家。</p><p id="34L5IOJ9">此结构还可表示根据某种迹象来看，很可能或即将发生的事情。例如：</p><p id="34L5IOJA">It seemed as if it was going to rain.</p><p id="34L5IOJB">看来好像要下雨。</p><p id="34L5IOJD">3) come， go， leave， arrive， start等瞬时动词动词可用过去进行时表示过去将来的含义。例如：</p><p id="34L5IOJE">He said the train was leaving at six the next morning.</p><p id="34L5IOJF">他说火车将于第二天早晨六点离开。</p><p id="34L5IOJG">She told me she was coming to see me.</p><p id="34L5IOJH">她告诉我她要来看我。</p><p class="f_center"><img src="https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2024%2F1029%2F9330e953j00sm3ok6001ld200p000dwg00ij00aa.jpg&thumbnail=660x&quality=80&type=jpg"/><br/></p><p id="34L5IOJM"> 07 </p><p id="34L5IOJN"><strong>现在完成时</strong></p><p id="34L5IOJP"><strong>1. 概念：</strong>过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在并且有可能继续下去的动作或状态。</p><p id="34L5IOJR"><strong>2. 时间状语：</strong>recently, lately, since, for, in the past few years, etc.</p><p id="34L5IOJT"><strong>3. 基本结构：</strong>have/has + done</p><p id="34L5IOJU">否定形式：have/has + not +done.</p><p id="34L5IOJV">一般疑问句：have或has。</p><p id="34L5IOK1"><strong>4. since的三种用法</strong></p><p id="34L5IOK2">1) since +过去一个时间点(如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past six)。</p><p id="34L5IOK3">例如：I have been here since 1989. 1989起，我一直在这儿。</p><p id="34L5IOK5">2) since +一段时间+ ago。</p><p id="34L5IOK6">例如：I have been here since five months ago. 我在这儿，已经有五个月了。</p><p id="34L5IOK8">3) since +从句（一般过去时）。</p><p id="34L5IOK9">例如：Great changes have taken place since you left. 你走后，变化可大了。</p><p id="34L5IOKB">比较since和for<br/></p><p id="34L5IOKC">since 用来说明动作起始时间，for用来说明动作延续时间长度。</p><p id="34L5IOKD">例如：I have lived here for more than twenty years.我住在这儿二十多年了。</p><p id="34L5IOKE">注意：并非有for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时。</p><p id="34L5IOKF">I worked here for more than twenty years. (我现在已不在这里工作。</p><p class="f_center"><img src="https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2024%2F1029%2F918acd1cj00sm3ok6001td200p000dwg00ij00aa.jpg&thumbnail=660x&quality=80&type=jpg"/><br/></p><p id="34L5IOKL"> 08 </p><p id="34L5IOKO"><strong>过去完成时</strong></p><p id="34L5IOKQ"><strong>1. 概念：</strong>以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。</p><p id="34L5IOKS"><strong>2. 时间状语：</strong>before, by the end of last year(term, month),etc.</p><p id="34L5IOKU"><strong>3. 基本结构：</strong>had + done.</p><p id="34L5IOKV">否定形式：had + not + done.</p><p id="34L5IOL0">一般疑问句：had放于句首。</p><p id="34L5IOL2"><strong>4. 用法</strong></p><p id="34L5IOL3">1) 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句种。</p><p id="34L5IOL4">例如：She said (that)she had never been to Paris. 她告诉我她曾去过巴黎。</p><p id="34L5IOL6">2) 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时;发生在后，用一般过去时。</p><p id="34L5IOL7">例如：When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到达时，小偷们早就跑了。</p><p id="34L5IOL9">3) 表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, </p><p id="34L5IOLA">suppose等，用过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…"。</p><p id="34L5IOLB">例如：We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 那时我们希望你能来，但是你没有来。</p><p id="34L5IOLC">注意：had hardly… when... 刚......就......。</p><p id="34L5IOLD">例如：I had hardly opened the door when I he hit me. 我刚打开门，他就打了我。</p><p id="34L5IOLE">had no sooner…than 刚…… 就……。</p><p id="34L5IOLF">例如：He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it. 他刚买了这辆车，转眼又卖了。</p>